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display oneself to

Толкование Перевод

1 ἐνδείκνυμι

ἐνδείκ-νῡμι or [suff] ἐνδεικ-ύω, [tense] fut. - δείξω,

A mark, point out, τι Pi.O.7.58; πρίν γ' ἂν ἐνδείξω τί δρῶ S.OC48
; ἐ. τῷ δικαστηρίῳ τἀδικήματα Antipho 6.37
, etc.; indicate, τοὺς καιρούς Gal.1.204
: c. part., show that a thing is, Pl.Plt. 278b; also ἑκάστοις ἐ. τὰ ἔργα ἀποτελεῖν ib. 308e.

2 law-term, inform against, τινά Id.Ap. 32b
: abs., Isoc.18.20; ἐ. ταῖς ἀρχαῖς Pl.Lg. 856c
, cf. And.1.8, etc.; τῷ φήναντι ἢ ἐνδείξαντι IG22.1128.18
; ἐ. πρὸς τοὺς μαστῆρας ib.12(7).62.53 (Amorgos, iv B. C.):— [voice] Med., Plu.Sol.24:—freq. in [voice] Pass., κακοῦργος ἐνδεδειγμένος Antipho 5.9
; ἐνδειχθείς Lys.6.15
, OGI669.45 (Egypt, i A.D.); ἐνδειχθέντα δικάζειν ὀφείλοντα τῷ δημοσίῳ D.21.182
.

3 exhibit, display, ὑπερήφανον αἰχμάν A.Pr. 406
(lyr.).

4 [voice] Med., declare the possession of goods to fiscal authorities, PRev.Laws54.10 (iii B.C.).

II [voice] Med., show forth oneself or what is one's own, once in Hom., Πηλεΐδῃ ἐνδείξομαι I will declare myself to Achilles, Il.19.83; ἐνδεικνύμενοι τὴν ἑαυτῶν γνώμην Hdt.8.141
; ἐ. περί τινος Plb.4.28.4
; τι μετ' ἀποδείξεως Id.5.16.7
.

2 show, make plain, c. part., πῶς δ' ἂν.. μᾶλλον ἐνδείξαιτό τις πόσιν προτιμῶσ'.. ; E.Alc. 154, cf.Ba.47, X.Cyr.1.6.10; τὴν δύναμιν κρείττω οὖσαν ἐ. D.21.66; also ἐ. ὅτι.. Th.8.82
, Pl.Ap. 23b, X. Cyr.8.3.21; ἐ. ὁποῖα τούτων ἀληθῆ Pl.Tht. 158e
:—[voice] Pass., ἐνδεδεῖχθαι τὸ βούλεσθαι D.8.12
.

b prove, demonstrate, PMagd.3.10 (iii B.C.), Phld.Sign.11, al.

3 c. acc. rei, display, exhibit, τὸ εὔψυχον Th.4.126
; εὔνοιάν τινα Ar.Pl. 785
; τῷ σώματι τὴν εὔνοιαν, οὐ Χρήμας ιν οὐδὲ λόγοις, ἐνεδείξατο τῇ πατρίδι D.21.145
; τύπῳ τἀληθὲς ἐ. Arist.EN 1094b20; of a name, denote, Pl.Cra. 394e.

4 ἐνδείκνυσθαί τινι display oneself to one, make a set at him, court him, D.19.113, Aeschin. 3.217, etc.; ἐνδεικνύμενοι καὶ ὑπερκολακεύοντές τινα D.19.160
; make a show, show off, τινί Pl.Prt. 317c
, Arist.Oec. 1352b13.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐνδείκνυμι
2 развёртываться

развернуться
1. ( раскрываться — о скатанном) unroll; ( о сложенном) unfold; ( о завёрнутом) come* unwrapped

2. ( проявляться) show* oneself, display oneself

3. ( принимать широкий размах) spread*

борьба развернулась (вокруг) — the struggle raged (around)

4. воен. ( переходить в более широкий и глубокий порядок) deploy

5. (в вн.) воен. ( в более крупную единицу) expand (into), be expanded (into)

6. ( делать поворот) turn, swing* about / around; мор. тж. slew (about)

7. страд. к развёртывать

Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > развёртываться
3 ἐπίδειξις

ἐπίδειξις, [dialect] Ion. [full] ἐπίδεξις, εως, ἡ,

A showing forth, making known, τοῦτο ἐς ἐ. ἀνθρώπων ἀπίκετο became notorious, Hdt.2.46.

2. exhibition, display, demonstration, τῆς δυνάμεως Th.6.31
; ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι, of a military demonstration, Id.3.16; ἓν τοῦτ' ἦν τῆς ἐ. showing off, Pl. Grg. 447c: generally, ἐ. ποιήσασθαι ᾗ.. exhibit how.., Id.Phd. 99d; ἐλθεῖν εἰς ἐπίδειξίν τινι come to display oneself to one, Ar.Nu. 269; ἡ ἐ. (sc. τοῦ κάλλους) X.Mem.3.11.2; ἐ. ποιήσασθαι τῆς σοφίας Arist. Pol. 1259a19
.

3. esp. λόγων ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι D.18.280
: abs., set speech, declamation, Th.3.42; ἐ. ποιήσασθαι Pl.Grg. 447c
, cf. Isoc.4.17, 5.17: pl., SIG577.53 (Milet., iii/ii B.C.), 775.3 (Delph., i B.C.).

b. name of a trireme at Athens, IG22.1623.144.

4. proof, Men.161.2 (pl.), PTaur.1.1 vii 7 (pl., ii B.C.), etc.

II. example, ἐπίδειξις Ἑλλάδι an example to Greece, E.Ph. 871; ἐπίδειξιν ποιεῖσθαί τινι ὡς.. give a sign or proof that.., Aeschin.1.47.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπίδειξις
4 развертываться

I
несовер. - развертываться; совер. - развернуться
1) come unrolled (скатанном); come unfolded (о сложенном); come undone/unwrapped (о завернутом)
2) воен. deploy
3) show what one can do, launch out; show/display oneself
II
страд. от развертывать
* * *

evolve

* * *

deploy

develope

unroll

Новый русско-английский словарь > развертываться
5 разворачиваться

I несов. - развора́чиваться, сов. - разверну́ться
1) ( раскрываться - о скатанном) unroll; ( о сложенном) unfold; ( о завёрнутом) come unwraped

2) ( проявляться) unfold, show / display oneself

3) (начинаться, получать развитие) start; unfold, develop

разверну́лась борьба́ за власть — there started a struggle for power

по ме́ре того́, как развора́чивается сюже́т — as the story unfolds

4) ( принимать широкий размах) spread, expand

5) воен. ( переходить в более широкий и глубокий порядок) deploy

6) воен. (в вн.; в более крупную единицу) expand (into), be expanded (into)
II несов. - развора́чиваться, сов. - разверну́ться
1) (разворачивать корпус для размаха и т.п.) turn round / around

2) ( поворачивать назад при движении) turn about / around, swing about / around; мор. тж. slew (about); авто make a U-turn

здесь нельзя́ развора́чиваться — there is no U-turn here

••

разверну́ться на 180° — 1) авиа make a 180-degree turn 2) ( резко сменить позицию) about-turn брит.; about-face амер.

тут не́где разверну́ться (о тесноте) — there's no room to move (around)

ему́ там не́где разверну́ться (о невозможности действовать в полную силу) — there he has no chance to show all he can do

Новый большой русско-английский словарь > разворачиваться
6 показывать товар лицом

[pokazyvat' tovar litsom] To show one's goods from the right side. To show a thing its best side; to make the best of something; to show something to its full advantage; to display oneself in a favourable light.

Русские фразеологизмы в картинках (русско-английский словарь) > показывать товар лицом
7 пускать кому-либо пыль в глаза

[puskat' руl' v glaza] To throw dust in someone's eyes. To make a false impression; to try to impress people with one's superiority, to display oneself; to act in an ostentatious manner. Cf. To put on airs; to cut a dash; to throw dust in someone's eyes.

Русские фразеологизмы в картинках (русско-английский словарь) > пускать кому-либо пыль в глаза
8 ἐπιδαπαντιάω

ἐπιδᾰπᾰν-τιάω, Desiderat.,

A wish to display oneself, Com.Adesp.1008.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιδαπαντιάω
9 teşhir

"display, exhibition, exposé; flash, flashing, exposing oneself"

İngilizce Sözlük Türkçe > teşhir
10 exponer

v.

1 to expound.

Ella expuso su parecer She expounded her way of thinking.

2 to exhibit (cuadro, obra).

3 to risk (vida, prestigio).

4 to expose (parte del cuerpo).

Su irresponsabilidad expuso a Ricardo His irresponsibility exposed Richard.

Los detectives expusieron al culpable The detectives exposed the guilty...

Ella expuso sus razones She exposed her reasons.

5 to display, to show, to expose, to exhibit.

El artista expuso sus cuadros The artist displayed his pictures.

* * *

exponer

Conjugation model [ PONER], like link=poner poner (pp expuesto,-a)

► verbo transitivo

1 (explicar) to expound, explain; (propuesta) to put forward; (hechos) to state, set out

2 (mostrar) to show, exhibit; (mercancías) to display

3 (arriesgar) to expose, risk, endanger

4 (al sol etc) to expose

5 (un recién nacido) to abandon

► verbo pronominal exponerse

1 (arriesgarse) to expose oneself (a, to), run the risk (a, of)

■ se ha expuesto a muchos peligros he has exposed himself to many dangers

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

exponer mucho to take great risks, run a lot of risks

* * *

verb

1) to exhibit, show

2) display

3) expose

4) explain

* * *
( pp expuesto)
1. VT

1) [al público]

a) (Arte) [museo] to exhibit, put on show; [galería, artista] to show

b) (Com) [en tienda] to display; [en feria] to exhibit

2) [a la luz, al agua]

no debe exponer la cicatriz al sol — he must not expose the scar to the sun

3) (=explicar) [+ teoría, argumento] to set out, expound frm; [+ hechos] to set out, state; [+ situación] to set out

4) (=arriesgar) to risk, put at risk

expuso su vida por salvarla — he risked his life to save her, he put his life at risk to save her

5) (Fot) to expose

6) (Rel)

exponer el Santísimo — to expose the Holy Sacrament

7) †† [+ niño] to abandon

2.

VI [pintor, escultor] to exhibit, show

3.

See:

exponerse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <cuadro/escultura/productos> to exhibit, show

los zapatos expuestos en la vitrina — the shoes displayed in the window

2) <razones/hechos> to set out, state; <ideas/teoría> to put forward, expound (frml); < tema> to present

3)

a) ( poner en peligro) to put... at risk

b) (al aire, sol)

exponer algo a algo — to expose something to something
2.
exponer vi to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work
3.
exponerse v pron

a) (a riesgo, peligro) to expose oneself

exponerse a algo — to expose oneself to something

te expones a que te multen — you're risking a fine

b) (al aire, sol)

exponerse a algo — to expose oneself to something

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) <cuadro/escultura/productos> to exhibit, show

los zapatos expuestos en la vitrina — the shoes displayed in the window

2) <razones/hechos> to set out, state; <ideas/teoría> to put forward, expound (frml); < tema> to present

3)

a) ( poner en peligro) to put... at risk

b) (al aire, sol)

exponer algo a algo — to expose something to something
2.
exponer vi to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work
3.
exponerse v pron

a) (a riesgo, peligro) to expose oneself

exponerse a algo — to expose oneself to something

te expones a que te multen — you're risking a fine

b) (al aire, sol)

exponerse a algo — to expose oneself to something

* * *

exponer¹

¹ = discuss, explain, set out, expound (on).

Ex: This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.

Ex: This may help explain why many working in this field fail to practise what they preach.

Ex: These complications were not hidden or implicit; they were clearly set out at the beginning of the volume under 'Rules for the Compilation of the Catalog'.

Ex: The philosophy of building CD-ROM data bases with files with common subject interests is expounded with reference to the OSH-ROM, CHEM-BANK and CANCER-CD data bases.

* exponer las razones = discuss + the reasons.

* exponer las razones de = set out + the reasons for.

* exponer una cuestión = raise + point.

* exponer una razón = give + reason.

exponer²

= display, exhibit, expose, put + Nombre + on show, on exhibit.

Ex: The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.

Ex: These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.

Ex: The reputation of the information and its authority will be more exposed to examination.

Ex: Putting books on show is a way of making recommendations by, as it were, remote control and anything tatty, botched-up and sloppily makeshift should be avoided.

Ex: This is a 'sneak peek' at new products that systems vendors will have on exhibit at the conference = Este es un "avance" de los nuevos productos que los vendedores de sistemas expondrán en el congreso.

* exponer a la luz = expose to + light.

* exponer a la luz del día = expose to + daylight.

* exponer a la luz del sol = expose to + sunlight.

* exponerse a = expose + Reflexivo + to.

* exponerse a un percance = court + disaster.

* * *

exponer [ E22 ]

vt

A ‹cuadro/escultura› to exhibit, show; ‹productos› to exhibit, show

las joyas se exponen en el palacio the jewels are on show o on exhibition at the palace

los cuadros estarán expuestos durante el mes de enero the pictures will be on show o will be exhibited throughout January

los zapatos expuestos en la vitrina the shoes displayed o on display o on show in the window

exponer el Santísimo to expose o exhibit the Blessed Sacrament

B ‹razones/hechos› to set out, state; ‹ideas/teoría› to put forward, set out, expound ( frml); ‹tema› to present

expuso el problema con claridad he set out o stated the problem clearly

C

1 (poner en peligro) to put … at risk

intentó salvarlo, exponiendo su vida she risked her life trying to save him, she put her life at risk in trying to save him

2 (al aire, sol) exponer algo A algo to expose sth TO sth

■ exponer

vi

to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work

■ exponerse

v pron

1 (a un riesgo, peligro) to expose oneself exponerse A algo to expose oneself TO sth

se expuso a las críticas del público he laid himself open to o exposed himself to public criticism

exponerse A QUE + SUBJ:

te estás exponiendo a que te pongan una multa/a que te descubran you're risking a fine/being found out

2 (al aire, sol) exponerse A algo to expose oneself TO sth

se expone demasiado tiempo al sol he exposes himself to the sun's rays for too long, he has too much exposure to the sun

* * *

exponer ( conjugate exponer) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( en museo) ‹cuadro/escultura› to exhibit, show

b) ( en vitrina) to display

2 ‹razones/hechos› to set out, state;
‹ideas/teoría› to put forward;
‹ tema› to present
3
a) ( poner en peligro) to put … at risk

b) (al aire, sol) exponer algo a algo to expose sth to sth

verbo intransitivo
to exhibit, exhibit o show one's work
exponerse verbo pronominal exponerse (a algo) to expose oneself (to sth);
◊ te expones a que te multen you're risking a fine

exponer verbo transitivo
1 (en un discurso, escrito) to expound, put forward
2 (en una galería, escaparate) to exhibit, display
3 (someter, poner) to expose: la expuso al peligro, he exposed her to danger

' exponer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
desarrollar
- poner
- vitrina
- asolear
- plantear
- presentar
English:
argue
- candid
- case
- display
- exhibit
- expose
- expound
- post
- put forward
- set out
- show
- state
- trace
- detail
- put
- set

* * *

exponer

♦ vt

1. [de palabra] [teoría] to expound;
[tema] to present; [ideas, propuesta] to set out, to explain; [argumentos, razones] to set out, to state;
he expuesto los hechos tal y como ocurrieron I have related o set out the events exactly as they occurred

2. [a la vista] [cuadro, obra] to exhibit;
[objetos en vitrinas] to display
3. [vida, prestigio, carrera] to risk, to put at risk

4. [a agentes físicos] [objeto, parte del cuerpo] to expose (a to);
no exponer al sol o a temperaturas elevadas [en letrero] do not expose to direct sunlight or high temperatures

♦ vi
[en una galería, museo] to exhibit
♦ See also the pronominal verb exponerse

* * *

exponer

<part expuesto> v/t

1 idea, teoría set out, put forward

2 ( revelar) expose

3 pintura, escultura exhibit, show

4 ( arriesgar) risk

* * *

exponer {60} vt

1) : to exhibit, to show, to display

2) : to explain, to present, to set forth

3) : to expose, to risk

exponer vi

: to exhibit

* * *

exponer vb

1. (mostrar mercancía) to display

exponen las novedades en libros en el escaparate they display the latest books in the shop window

2. (mostrar obras) to exhibit / to show [pt. showed; pp. shown]

los pintores exponen sus cuadros en una galería de arte artists show their paintings in an art gallery

3. (presentar) to state

tengo derecho a exponer mi opinión I have the right to state my opinion

4. (someter) to expose

no lo expongas a la luz don't expose it to the light

5. (poner en peligro) to risk

el bombero expuso su vida the fireman risked his life

Spanish-English dictionary > exponer
11 exhibir

v.

1 to exhibit.

El museo exhibe su obra The museum exhibits his work.

2 to show off (joyas, cualidades).

3 to show, to screen.

4 to demonstrate, to evidence, to exhibit.

Elsa exhibe mucha madurez Elsa demonstrates much maturity.

* * *

exhibir

► verbo transitivo

1 to exhibit, show, display

2 (ostentar) to show off

3 DERECHO to produce

► verbo pronominal exhibirse

1 (ostentar) to show off, make an exhibition of oneself

* * *

verb

1) to exhibit, show

2) display

* * *

1. VT

1) (=mostrar) [+ cuadros] to exhibit, put on show; [+ artículos] to display; [+ pasaporte] to show; [+ película] to screen

los diseños exhibidos en la exposición — the designs on show o on display o exhibited in the exhibition

2) (=mostrar con orgullo) to show off

3) Méx [+ cantidad] to pay in cash

2.

See:

exhibirse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) <colección/modelos> to show, display

no siente reparos en exhibir su gordura — he's not ashamed to let people see how fat he is

b) < película> to show, screen; <cuadro/obras de arte> to exhibit

la sala exhibe cuadros de Goya — the gallery is exhibiting paintings by Goya

c) ( con orgullo) <regalos/trofeos> to show off
2.
exhibir vi (period) (Art) to exhibit
3.
exhibirse v pron ( mostrarse en público) to show oneself; ( hacerse notar) to draw attention to oneself

le gusta exhibirse con su coche — she likes showing off her car

* * *

= exhibit, put + Nombre + on show, showcase.

Ex. These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.

Ex. Putting books on show is a way of making recommendations by, as it were, remote control and anything tatty, botched-up and sloppily makeshift should be avoided.

Ex. Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) <colección/modelos> to show, display

no siente reparos en exhibir su gordura — he's not ashamed to let people see how fat he is

b) < película> to show, screen; <cuadro/obras de arte> to exhibit

la sala exhibe cuadros de Goya — the gallery is exhibiting paintings by Goya

c) ( con orgullo) <regalos/trofeos> to show off
2.
exhibir vi (period) (Art) to exhibit
3.
exhibirse v pron ( mostrarse en público) to show oneself; ( hacerse notar) to draw attention to oneself

le gusta exhibirse con su coche — she likes showing off her car

* * *

= exhibit, put + Nombre + on show, showcase.

Ex: These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.

Ex: Putting books on show is a way of making recommendations by, as it were, remote control and anything tatty, botched-up and sloppily makeshift should be avoided.

Ex: Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.

* * *

exhibir [I1 ]

vt

1 ‹colección/modelos/creaciones› to show, display

los modelos que exhibieron en el desfile the designs on display in the show

no siente reparos en exhibir su gordura he's not ashamed to let people see how fat he is

2 ( period); ‹película› to show, screen; ‹cuadro/obras de arte› to exhibit

una exposición donde se exhiben cuadros de varios artistas vanguardistas an exhibition displaying works by several avant-garde artists, an exhibition of works by several avant-garde artists

3 (con orgullo) ‹regalos/trofeos› to show off

■ exhibir

vi

( period) ( Art) to exhibit

■ exhibirse

v pron

1 (mostrarse) to show oneself

se exhiben juntos en público sin el menor recato they go around together in public quite openly, they quite openly allow themselves to be seen together in public

2 (hacerse notar) to draw attention to oneself

* * *

exhibir ( conjugate exhibir) verbo transitivo
a) ‹colección/modelos› to show, display

b) ‹ película› to show, screen;

‹cuadro/obras de arte› to exhibit
c) ( con orgullo) ‹regalos/trofeos› to show off

verbo intransitivo (period) (Art) to exhibit
exhibirse verbo pronominal ( mostrarse en público) to show oneself;
( hacerse notar) to draw attention to oneself
exhibir verbo transitivo
1 (objetos) to exhibit, display: en el museo municipal se está exhibiendo una colección de juguetes antiguos, the city museum is exhibiting an antique toy collection
2 (presumir) to show off: le gusta exhibir sus dotes de pianista, he likes to show off his talent as a pianist
3 (una película) to show: están exhibiendo la última película de Kubrick en el Odeón, the latest Kubrick film is showing at the Odeón
' exhibir' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ostentar
- urna
- echar
- pasar
- poner
English:
show
- L

* * *

exhibir

♦ vt

1. [exponer] [cuadros, fotografías] to exhibit;
[modelos] to show; [productos] to display;
exhibirá su colección primavera-verano en París she will present her spring-summer collection in Paris

2. [alardear de] [joyas, trofeos] to show off

3. [mostrar] [cualidades]
exhibió sus dotes de cantante she showed how good a singer she was;

exhibió su fuerza ante el público he demonstrated his strength in front of the audience

4. [película] to show, to screen

5. Méx [pagar] to pay

♦ See also the pronominal verb exhibirse

* * *

exhibir

v/t

1 show, display

2 película screen, show; cuadro exhibit

3 Méx ( pagar) pay

* * *

exhibir vt

: to exhibit, to show, to display

♦ See also the reflexive verb exhibirse

* * *

exhibir vb

1. (cuadros) to exhibit / to show [pt. showed; pp. shown]

2. (película) to show

Spanish-English dictionary > exhibir
12 exposer

exposer [εkspoze]

➭ TABLE 1

1. transitive verb

   a. ( = exhiber) [+ marchandises] to display ; [+ tableaux] to exhibit

• elle expose dans cette galerie she exhibits her work at that gallery

• les œuvres exposées the works on show

   b. [+ faits, raisons] to state ; [+ griefs] to air ; [+ idées, théories] to set out ; [+ situation] to explain

   c. ( = mettre en danger) [+ personne] to expose (à to ) ; [+ vie, réputation] to risk

• c'est une personnalité très exposée his position makes him an easy target for criticism

   d. ( = orienter, présenter) to expose

• maison exposée au sud house facing south

• endroit très exposé very exposed place

   e. (Literature) [+ action] to set out ; (Music) [+ thème] to introduce

2. reflexive verb

► s'exposer to expose o.s.

• s'exposer (au soleil) to expose o.s. (to the sun)

• s'exposer à [+ danger, sanction, critiques] to expose o.s. to

* * *
ɛkspoze
1.

verbe transitif

1) ( montrer) to exhibit [œuvre d'art]; to display, to put [something] on display [marchandise]

2) ( décrire) to state [faits]; to outline [idée, plan]; to list [griefs]; to explain [situation]; to expound [argument]; Littérature to set out [sujet]

3) Photographie to expose

4) ( mettre en danger) to risk [vie, réputation]; Droit to abandon a child

5) ( soumettre à) to expose (à to)

ne reste pas exposé au soleil — stay out of the sun

2.

s'exposer verbe pronominal

1) ( se rendre vulnérable) to put oneself at risk

s'exposer à — to risk [rechute, mort]; to lay oneself open to [poursuites, critiques]

2) ( se placer)

s'exposer au soleil — to go out in the sun

* * *
ɛkspoze vt
1) (= montrer) [marchandise] to display, [peintures] to exhibit, to show

Il expose ses peintures dans une galerie d'art. — He shows his paintings in a private art gallery.

2) [problème, situation] (= parler de) to explain, to expose, to set out

Il nous a exposé les raisons de son départ. — He set out the reasons for his departure.

3) (= mettre dans une situation dangereuse) to risk

exposer sa vie — to risk one's life

exposer qn/qch à — to expose sb/sth to

N'exposez pas la pellicule à la lumière. — Do not expose the film to light.

4) (= orienter)

Il a choisi d'exposer la maison à l'est. — He decided the house should face east.

* * *

exposer verb table: aimer

A vtr

1 ( montrer) to exhibit [œuvre d'art]; to display, to put [sth] on display [marchandise]; to expose [condamné]; exposer qch aux regards or à la vue de tous to put sth on public view ou display;

2 ( décrire) to state [faits]; to outline [idée, plan]; to list [griefs]; to explain [situation]; to expound [argument]; Littérat to set out [sujet]; Mus to introduce [thème]; exposer sa thèse à qn to outline one's theory to sb; exposer ses observations sur qch to give one's comments on sth;

3 Phot to expose;

4 ( mettre en danger) to risk [vie, réputation]; to stake [fortune]; exposer un enfant Antiq to expose a child; Jur to abandon a child;

5 ( soumettre à) to expose (à to); ne reste pas exposé au soleil ( conseil général) stay out of the sun; ( mets-toi à l'ombre) don't stay in the sun; ‘ne pas exposer à la chaleur’ ‘keep away from direct heat’; être exposé à une maladie to be exposed to a disease.

B s'exposer vpr

1 ( se rendre vulnérable) to put oneself at risk; s'exposer à to risk [colère, rechute, mort]; to lay oneself open to, to run the risk of [poursuites, critiques, représailles]; s'exposer à tout perdre to run the risk of losing everything; il s'est trop exposé dans cette affaire he has been incautious in his involvement in that business, he's stuck his neck out○ too far in that business;

2 ( se placer) s'exposer au soleil to go out in the sun.

[ɛkspoze] verbe transitif

1. [dans un magasin] to display, to put on display, to set out (separable)

[dans une galerie, dans une foire] to exhibit, to show

2. [soumettre]

exposer quelque chose à: exposer quelque chose aux radiations to expose ou to subject something to radiation

exposer quelqu'un à [critiques, ridicule] to lay somebody open to, to expose somebody to

3. [mettre en danger - honneur, vie] to endanger, to put at risk

4. [faire connaître - arguments, motifs] to expound, to put forward (separable) ; [ - intentions] to set forth ou out (separable), to explain ; [ - revendications] to set forth, to put forward, to make known

5. LITTÉRATURE & MUSIQUE to set out (separable)

[thème] to introduce

dialogue destiné à exposer l'action expository dialogue

6. PHOTOGRAPHIE to expose

————————

s'exposer verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)

1. [se compromettre] to leave oneself exposed

s'exposer à des poursuites judiciaires to lay oneself open to ou to run the risk of prosecution

s'exposer à des représailles to expose oneself to retaliation

2. [se placer]

s'exposer au soleil to expose one's skin to the sun

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > exposer
13 esporre

expose ( also photography)

avviso put up

in una mostra exhibit, show

( riferire) present

ragioni, caso state

teoria explain

* * *

esporre v.tr.

1 ( mettere fuori) to put* out, to set* out, to expose; (in bacheca ecc.) to put* up, to post up, to stick* up: esporre al sole, all'aria, to expose to sunlight, to air; è una pianta che non deve essere esposta alla luce, it's a plant that mustn't be exposed to sunlight; esporre un avviso, to stick up a notice; hanno già esposto i risultati degli esami, they've already put up the exam results

2 ( mettere in mostra) to show*, to display; ( in fiere, esibizioni) to exhibit: esporre delle merci in vetrina, to show (o to display) goods in the window; esporrà i suoi quadri in una galleria d'arte, he's going to exhibit his paintings in an art gallery; esporre a una fiera campionaria, to exhibit at a trade fair // (eccl.) esporre il Sacramento, to expose the Blessed Sacrament

3 ( a rischio) to expose; ( arrischiare) to risk; to venture: esporre qlcu. a un rischio, to expose s.o. to a risk; esporre la vita a un pericolo, to risk (o to venture) one's life; la sua arroganza lo espone ad aspre critiche, his arrogance exposes him to harsh criticism

4 ( spiegare) to expound, to state, to set* forth; to explain: esporre le proprie idee, to state one's ideas; esporre una teoria, to expound a theory; esporre in dettaglio, to itemize

5 (letter.) ( interpretare testi) to interpret, to explain

6 (antiq.) ( abbandonare un bambino) to expose, to abandon: esporre un neonato, to expose a baby

7 (fot.) to expose.

◘ esporsi v.rifl.

1 to expose oneself: attento a non esporti al sole a lungo!, be careful not to expose yourself to the sun for too long!; con quella dichiarazione si è esposto a facili critiche, with that statement he laid himself open to facile criticisms

2 ( compromettersi) to compromise oneself: non ti esporre troppo con la tua protesta!, don't compromise yourself too much with your protest // (banca) esporre a forti debiti, to incur large debts.

* * *

1. [es'porre]
vb irreg vt
1) (esibire: merce) to put on display, display, (quadri) to exhibit, show, (avviso) to put up, (bandiera) to put out, raise

esposto al pubblico — on display to the public

ha esposto la merce in vetrina — he displayed the goods in the window

espone i suoi quadri in una galleria d'arte — he's showing his paintings in an art gallery

2) (spiegare) to explain, (argomento, teoria) to put forward, expound, (fatti, ragionamenti) to set out, (dubbi, riserve) to express

esporre a voce/per iscritto — to explain verbally/in writing

ha esposto i fatti con grande chiarezza — she explained the facts very clearly

3)

(mettere in pericolo) esporre qn al pericolo — to expose sb to danger

esporre il fianco a critiche — to lay o.s. open to criticism

4) (alla luce, all'aria), (anche) Fot to expose

2.

esporsi vr; esporsi a — (sole, pericolo) to expose o.s. to, (critiche) to lay o.s. open to

stai attento a non esporti troppo — (compromettersi) be careful about sticking your neck out

* * *
[es'porre] 1.
verbo transitivo

1) to exhibit, to display [ opera d'arte]; to display, to exhibit, to set* out [prodotti, merce]; to display [prezzo, lista]; to fly* [ bandiera]

2) (descrivere) to state [idea, opinione]; to explain [ situazione]; to set* forth, to lay* out, to represent [fatti, ragioni]; to expound [ teoria]

3)

esporre qcn. a — to expose sb. to [pericolo, contagio, ridicolo]; to subject sb. to [critiche, insulti]

4) fot. to expose
2.
verbo pronominale esporsi

- rsi a — to expose oneself to [rischio, pericolo]; to lay o leave oneself open to [accuse, critiche, ridicolo]

* * *

esporre

/es'porre/ [73]

I verbo transitivo

1 to exhibit, to display [ opera d'arte]; to display, to exhibit, to set* out [prodotti, merce]; to display [prezzo, lista]; to fly* [ bandiera]

2 (descrivere) to state [idea, opinione]; to explain [ situazione]; to set* forth, to lay* out, to represent [fatti, ragioni]; to expound [ teoria]

3 esporre qcn. a to expose sb. to [pericolo, contagio, ridicolo]; to subject sb. to [critiche, insulti]

4 fot. to expose

II esporsi verbo pronominale

- rsi a to expose oneself to [rischio, pericolo]; to lay o leave oneself open to [accuse, critiche, ridicolo].

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > esporre
14 mostrare

show

( indicare) point out

* * *

mostrare v.tr.

1 to show*, to display, to exhibit: mostrami i tuoi libri, show me your books; mi ha mostrato la sua casa nuova, he showed me his new home; mostrare a un turista la città, to show a tourist (the sights of) the town; non se la sente di mostrare i suoi quadri in pubblico, he doesn't feel like exhibiting his paintings in public; mostrare la merce al cliente, to display (o to show) the goods to a customer; mostrare il biglietto, il passaporto, to show one's ticket, one's passport // mostrare i denti, (fig.) to show one's teeth // mostrare il proprio debole, (fig.) to show one's weakness // mostrare la lingua a qlcu., (spreg.) to put (o stick) out one's tongue at s.o.

2 (ostentare) to show* off, to display: le piace mostrare i gioielli, she likes to show off her jewels; mostrare la propria erudizione, to display (o to make a show of) one's learning // una gonna che mostrava le gambe, a skirt that showed off her legs

3 (indicare) to show*; (segnalare) to point out; (spiegare, far intendere) to show*, to explain: mostrami come si fa, show (o teach) me how to do it; mostrami come funziona la lavatrice, show me how the washing machine works; il tecnico mi mostrò come funziona la lavatrice, the technician demonstrated the washing machine to me; mi mostrò i miei errori, he pointed out my mistakes; ve lo mostrerò con un esempio, I'll make it clear with an example; mostrare la strada a qlcu., to show s.o. the way // mostrare la porta a qlcu., to show s.o. the door // essere mostrato a dito, to be pointed at (o to be singled out)

4 (rivelare, manifestare) to show*, to bear* evidence of (sthg.); (dimostrare, provare) to prove, to demonstrate: mostra d'aver poco giudizio, he shows little judgement; mostra di essere molto intelligente, he shows great intelligence; mostra più anni di quelli che ha, he looks older than he really is; mostra i segni delle ferite, he bears the scars of his wounds; questo mostra che egli agì in malafede, this shows (o proves) that he acted in bad faith; le rovine mostrano la grandezza di Roma antica, the ruins are evidence of the greatness of ancient Rome; mostrare coraggio, to show courage; mostrare un gran miglioramento, to show a great improvement; mostrare sorpresa, indifferenza, to express surprise, indifference (o to appear surprised, indifferent) // ti mostrerò di che cosa sono capace, I'll show you what I can do // mi ha mostrato un grande affetto, he showed me great affection

5 (voler far credere, fingere) to pretend: mostra di non curarsene, he pretends not to care.

◘ mostrarsi v.rifl. o intr. pron.

1 to show* oneself: si mostrò all'altezza della situazione, he showed he was equal to the situation; si mostrò commosso, he appeared to be moved; si mostrò vigliacco, he showed himself to be a coward

2 (apparire) to appear, to show* oneself: si mostrò al momento giusto, he appeared (o turned up) at the right moment; mostrare in pubblico, to show oneself in public.

* * *
[mos'trare]
1. vt

mostrare (qc a qn) — to show (sb sth), show (sth to sb)

ho mostrato le foto a Paolo — I showed Paolo the photos

le ho mostrato il mio vestito nuovo — I showed her my new dress

mi mostri come si fa? — will you show me how to do it?

ha mostrato un notevole coraggio — he displayed great courage

mostrare i denti (anche) fig — to bare one's teeth

mostrare la lingua — to stick out one's tongue

mi ma mostrato la lingua — he stuck his tongue out at me

mostrare i pugni a qn — to shake one's fist at sb

ha mostrato di non conoscermi — he pretended not to know me

2. vr (mostrarsi)

1) (dimostrarsi) to appear

si è mostrato felice — he appeared o looked happy

2) (comparire) to appear, show o.s.

mostrarsi in pubblico — to appear in public

* * *
[mos'trare] 1.
verbo transitivo

1) (fare vedere) to show*

mostrare qcs. a qcn. — to show sb. sth.

mostrare le gambe — to display one's legs

mostrare la lingua — to stick out one's tongue

mostrare il funzionamento di qcs. — to demonstrate how sth. works

2) (manifestare) to show* [talento, coraggio, intenzioni]; to exhibit [eroismo, devozione]

(non) mostrare segni di — to show (no) signs of

non mostrare alcuna emozione — to show no emotion

mostrare la propria ignoranza — to expose one's ignorance

3) (indicare) [grafico, sondaggio] to show* [evoluzione, risultati]

mostrare a dito qcn., qcs. — to point one's finger at sb., sth.

mostrare la strada a qcn. — to show sb. the way (anche fig.)

4) (fingere) to pretend

mostrai di non sapere nulla — I feigned ignorance
2.
verbo pronominale mostrarsi

1) (farsi vedere) [ persona] to show* oneself

il governo si è mostrato fiducioso — the government showed itself to be confident

- rsi in pubblico — to appear in public

2) (dimostrarsi) to show* oneself to be

- rsi all'altezza di — to rise to [occasione, sfida]

- rsi per quel che si è veramente — to show one's true colours

- rsi superiore — to rise above

- rsi disponibile — to show willing

••

mostrare i pugni a qcn. — to show one's fist at sb.

mostrare i denti — to bare o show one's teeth

mostrare i muscoli — to flex one's muscles

* * *

mostrare

/mos'trare/ [1]

I verbo transitivo

1 (fare vedere) to show*; mostrare qcs. a qcn. to show sb. sth.; mostrare le gambe to display one's legs; mostrare la lingua to stick out one's tongue; mostrare il funzionamento di qcs. to demonstrate how sth. works

2 (manifestare) to show* [talento, coraggio, intenzioni]; to exhibit [eroismo, devozione]; (non) mostrare segni di to show (no) signs of; non mostrare alcuna emozione to show no emotion; mostrare la propria ignoranza to expose one's ignorance

3 (indicare) [grafico, sondaggio] to show* [evoluzione, risultati]; mostrare a dito qcn., qcs. to point one's finger at sb., sth.; mostrare la strada a qcn. to show sb. the way (anche fig.)

4 (fingere) to pretend; mostrai di non sapere nulla I feigned ignorance

II mostrarsi verbo pronominale

1 (farsi vedere) [ persona] to show* oneself; il governo si è mostrato fiducioso the government showed itself to be confident; - rsi in pubblico to appear in public

2 (dimostrarsi) to show* oneself to be; - rsi all'altezza di to rise to [occasione, sfida]; - rsi per quel che si è veramente to show one's true colours; - rsi superiore to rise above; - rsi disponibile to show willing

IDIOMS

mostrare i pugni a qcn. to show one's fist at sb.; mostrare i denti to bare o show one's teeth; mostrare i muscoli to flex one's muscles.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > mostrare
15 zeigen

I v/t

1. allg. show; (vorführen) present; (zur Schau stellen) exhibit, display; jemandem etw. zeigen show s.o. s.th., show s.th. to s.o.; jemandem die Stadt zeigen show s.o. ([a]round) the town ( oder city), show s.o. the sights; zeig mal, was du kannst! come on, show us what you can do; zeig mir jemanden, der es besser kann I’d like to see anyone do better; lass dir von ihr zeigen, wie’s geht let her show you how it’s done; dem werd ich’s zeigen! umg., drohend: I’ll show him

2. (anzeigen) show, indicate; das Thermometer zeigt 20° the thermometer is showing 20°; was zeigt die Waage? what do the scales (Am. does the scale) say?

3. geh. (sehen lassen) show; die Blumen zeigen schon Knospen the flowers are beginning to show their buds; was zeigt das Foto? what is the photo of?, what does the photo show?

4. fig. (erkennen lassen) show, demonstrate; (ausdrücken) express; seinen Ärger deutlich zeigen make it obvious how angry one is; jemandem seine Liebe zeigen show one’s love for s.o.; sie kann i-e Gefühle nicht zeigen she finds it hard to express her feelings; deine Antwort zeigt ( mir), dass du nichts verstanden hast it’s clear (to me) from your answer that you haven’t understood anything; die Erfahrung zeigt, dass... experience shows ( oder proves) that...

II v/i

1. Person, Pfeil etc.: point; zeigen auf (+ Akk) point at, point s.th. out; Thermometer: be at; Uhr: say; nach Norden zeigen point north; Fenster etc.: face north; zur Tür zeigen point to the door; sich so hinstellen, dass das Gesicht zur Wand zeigt stand facing the wall, position o.s. so as to be facing the wall; Finger

2. zeig mal let’s see, let’s have a look

III v/refl

1. (sichtbar werden) show (itself); Person: show o.s.; (erscheinen) appear, come out; plötzlich: turn up; die ersten Sterne zeigten sich the stars were beginning to come out, the first stars were visible in the sky; sich mit jemandem zeigen be seen with s.o.; sich in der Öffentlichkeit zeigen appear in public, make a public appearance; so kann ich mich nicht zeigen I can’t go out ( oder let myself be seen) in this state

2. fig. (sich erweisen) prove (to be); sich zeigen als prove (o.s.) to be; sich dankbar / freundlich zeigen be grateful / friendly; es zeigte sich, dass... it turned out that...; daran zeigt sich, dass... this shows that...; da zeigt sich wieder einmal, dass... it just goes to show that...; es wird sich ja zeigen we shall see, time will tell; jetzt zeigt sich, dass es so nicht geht it’s now apparent that this is not the right way; früh zeigte sich sein Talent zum Schriftsteller he showed an early talent for writing; erkenntlich 2, Seite 3 etc.

* * *

to display; to show; to indicate; to exhibit; to express; to screen; to evince; to point;

sich zeigen

to appear; to show

* * *
zei|gen ['tsaign]
1. vi
to point
nach Norden/rechts zéígen — to point north or to the north/to the right

auf jdn/etw zéígen — to point at sb/sth

mit der Maus auf etw zéígen (Comput) — to point the mouse at sth

2. vt
to show; (Thermometer, Messgerät auch) to be at or on, to indicate
jdm etw zéígen — to show sb sth or sth to sb

ich muss mir mal von jemandem zéígen lassen, wie man das macht — I'll have to get someone to show me how to do it

die Uhr zeigte fünf nach zwölf — the clock showed five past twelve

dem werd ichs (aber) zéígen! (inf) — I'll show him!

zeig mal, was du kannst! — let's see what you can do!, show us what you can do!

3. vr
to appear; (Gefühle) to show
sich mit jdm zéígen — to let oneself be seen with sb

in dem Kleid kann ich mich doch nicht zéígen — I can't be seen in a dress like that

er zeigt sich nicht gern in der Öffentlichkeit — he doesn't like showing himself or being seen in public

sich zéígen als... — to show or prove oneself to be...

er zeigte sich befriedigt — he was satisfied

es zeigt sich, dass... — it turns out that...

es zeigt sich (doch) wieder einmal, dass... — it just goes to show...

es wird sich zéígen, wer recht hat — time will tell who is right, we shall see who's right

daran zeigt sich, dass... — that shows (that)...

das zeigt sich jetzt — it's beginning to show

* * *

1) (to show: She displayed a talent for mimicry.) display

2) (to allow or cause to be seen: Show me your new dress; Please show your membership card when you come to the club; His work is showing signs of improvement.) show

3) (to offer or display, or to be offered or displayed, for the public to look at: Which picture is showing at the cinema?; They are showing a new film; His paintings are being shown at the art gallery.) show

4) (to point out or point to: He showed me the road to take; Show me the man you saw yesterday.) show

5) ((often with (a)round) to guide or conduct: Please show this lady to the door; They showed him (a)round (the factory).) show

6) (to demonstrate to: Will you show me how to do it?; He showed me a clever trick.) show

7) (to prove: That just shows / goes to show how stupid he is.) show

8) (to have or show (a particular expression): She wore an angry expression.) wear

9) (to call attention to something especially by stretching the index finger in its direction: He pointed (his finger) at the door; He pointed to a sign.) point

10) (to show; to make known by a sign, gesture etc: He signified his approval with a nod.) signify

* * *

zei·gen

[ˈtsaign̩]

I. vt

1. (deutlich machen)

▪ jdm etw \zeigen to show sb sth

jdm die Richtung/den Weg \zeigen to show sb the way

2. (vorführen)

▪ [jdm] jdn/etw \zeigen to show [sb] sb/sth

sich dat von jdm \zeigen lassen, wie etw gemacht wird to get sb to show one how to do sth

sich dat sein Zimmer \zeigen lassen to be shown one's room

zeig mal, was du kannst! (fam) let's see what you can do! fam

es jdm zeigen (fam) to show sb

3. (geh: erkennen lassen) to show

Wirkung \zeigen to have an effect

Interesse/Reue \zeigen to show interest/regret

seine Gefühle [nicht] \zeigen to [not] show one's feelings

guten Willen \zeigen to show good will

Mut \zeigen to show courage

II. vi

1. (deuten/hinweisen) to point

nach rechts/oben/hinten \zeigen to point right [or to the right]/upwards/to the back

nach Norden \zeigen to point north [or to the north]

▪ auf etw akk \zeigen to point at sth

der Zeiger der Benzinuhr zeigt auf „leer“ the needle on the fuel gauge reads “empty”

▪ [mit etw dat] auf jdn/etw \zeigen to point [with sth] at sb/sth

2. (erkennen lassen)

▪ \zeigen, dass to show that, to be a sign that

III. vr

1. (sich sehen lassen)

▪ sich akk [jdm] \zeigen show oneself [to sb]

sich akk mit jdm \zeigen to let oneself be seen with sb

komm, zeig dich mal! let me see what you look like

2. (erkennbar werden)

▪ sich akk \zeigen to appear

am Himmel zeigten sich die ersten Wolken the first clouds appeared in the sky

3. (sich erweisen)

▪ sich akk [als jd/irgendwie] \zeigen to prove oneself [to be sb/somehow]

sich akk befriedigt/erfreut/erstaunt \zeigen to be satisfied/happy/amazed

sich akk von seiner besten Seite \zeigen to show oneself at one's best

* * *
1.
transitives Verb point

[mit dem Finger/einem Stock] auf jemanden/etwas zeigen — point [one's finger/a stick] at somebody/something
2.
transitives Verb show

jemandem etwas zeigen — show somebody something; show something to somebody; (jemanden zu etwas hinführen) show somebody to something

dem werd' ich's zeigen! — (ugs.) I'll show him!

zeig mal, was du kannst — show [us] what you can do
3.
reflexives Verb

1) (sich sehen lassen) appear

mit ihr kann man sich überall zeigen — you can take her anywhere

2) (sich erweisen)

sich als etwas zeigen — prove to be something

es wird sich zeigen, wer schuld war — time will tell who was responsible

es hat sich gezeigt, dass... — it turned out that...

* * *

zeigen

A. v/t

1. allg show; (vorführen) present; (zur Schau stellen) exhibit, display;

jemandem etwas zeigen show sb sth, show sth to sb;

jemandem die Stadt zeigen show sb ([a]round) the town ( oder city), show sb the sights;

zeig mal, was du kannst! come on, show us what you can do;

zeig mir jemanden, der es besser kann I’d like to see anyone do better;

lass dir von ihr zeigen, wie’s geht let her show you how it’s done;

dem werd ich’s zeigen! umg, drohend: I’ll show him

2. (anzeigen) show, indicate;

das Thermometer zeigt 20° the thermometer is showing 20°;

was zeigt die Waage? what do the scales (US does the scale) say?

3. geh (sehen lassen) show;

die Blumen zeigen schon Knospen the flowers are beginning to show their buds;

was zeigt das Foto? what is the photo of?, what does the photo show?

4. fig (erkennen lassen) show, demonstrate; (ausdrücken) express;

seinen Ärger deutlich zeigen make it obvious how angry one is;

jemandem seine Liebe zeigen show one’s love for sb;

sie kann i-e Gefühle nicht zeigen she finds it hard to express her feelings;

deine Antwort zeigt (mir), dass du nichts verstanden hast it’s clear (to me) from your answer that you haven’t understood anything;

die Erfahrung zeigt, dass … experience shows ( oder proves) that …

B. v/i

1. Person, Pfeil etc: point;

zeigen auf (+akk) point at, point sth out; Thermometer: be at; Uhr: say;

mit der Maus auf etwas zeigen point the mouse at sth;

nach Norden zeigen point north; Fenster etc: face north;

zur Tür zeigen point to the door;

sich so hinstellen, dass das Gesicht zur Wand zeigt stand facing the wall, position o.s. so as to be facing the wall; → Finger

2.

zeig mal let’s see, let’s have a look

C. v/r

1. (sichtbar werden) show (itself); Person: show o.s.; (erscheinen) appear, come out; plötzlich: turn up;

die ersten Sterne zeigten sich the stars were beginning to come out, the first stars were visible in the sky;

sich mit jemandem zeigen be seen with sb;

sich in der Öffentlichkeit zeigen appear in public, make a public appearance;

so kann ich mich nicht zeigen I can’t go out ( oder let myself be seen) in this state

2. fig (sich erweisen) prove (to be);

sich zeigen als prove (o.s.) to be;

sich dankbar/freundlich zeigen be grateful/friendly;

es zeigte sich, dass … it turned out that …;

daran zeigt sich, dass … this shows that …;

da zeigt sich wieder einmal, dass … it just goes to show that …;

es wird sich ja zeigen we shall see, time will tell;

jetzt zeigt sich, dass es so nicht geht it’s now apparent that this is not the right way;

früh zeigte sich sein Talent zum Schriftsteller he showed an early talent for writing; → erkenntlich 2, Seite 3 etc

* * *
1.
transitives Verb point

[mit dem Finger/einem Stock] auf jemanden/etwas zeigen — point [one's finger/a stick] at somebody/something
2.
transitives Verb show

jemandem etwas zeigen — show somebody something; show something to somebody; (jemanden zu etwas hinführen) show somebody to something

dem werd' ich's zeigen! — (ugs.) I'll show him!

zeig mal, was du kannst — show [us] what you can do
3.
reflexives Verb

1) (sich sehen lassen) appear

mit ihr kann man sich überall zeigen — you can take her anywhere

2) (sich erweisen)

sich als etwas zeigen — prove to be something

es wird sich zeigen, wer schuld war — time will tell who was responsible

es hat sich gezeigt, dass... — it turned out that...

* * *

v.

to evince v.

to exhibit v.

to expose v.

to offer v.

to point v.

to show v.

(§ p.,p.p.: showed)

or p.p.: shown•)

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > zeigen
16 presentar

v.

1 to present.

Ella presenta soluciones She presents solutions.

Ella le presenta a Ricardo un regalo She presents Richard a gift.

Ellos presentan a los candidatos They present=field the candidates.

2 to make (ofrecer) (disculpas, excusas).

3 to introduce (person).

me presentó a sus amigos she introduced me to her friends

me parece que no nos han presentado I don't think we've been introduced

Juan, te presento a Carmen Juan, this is Carmen

permítame que le presente a nuestra directora allow me to introduce you to our manager, I'd like you to meet our manager

Ella presenta a los invitados She introduces the guests.

4 to have, to show (tener) (aspecto).

presenta difícil solución it's going to be difficult to solve

Ella le presenta al público una obra She shows the public a play.

5 to host, to be the host of, to act as a compere for, to compere.

Ella presenta el programa She hosts the program.

* * *

presentar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to present; (mostrar) to show

■ hay que presentar la identificación you have to show your identification

■ me ha presentado sus disculpas he has apologized

■ presentó a concurso su primera novela she entered her first novel in a competition

2 (entregar) to hand in

3 (sacar al mercado) to launch

4 (personas) to introduce

■ ¿te han presentado ya? have you been introduced yet?

■ os presento a mi novia this is my girlfriend

5 TELEVISIÓN to present

6 (ofrecer) to offer, show

■ esta cicatriz no presenta buen aspecto that scar doesn't look good

► verbo pronominal presentarse

1 (comparecer) to turn up

■ nos presentamos en su casa sin previo aviso we turned up at her house without prior warning

■ se presentó a la policía inmediatamente he went straight to the police

2 (para elección) to stand; (en un concurso) to enter

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

presentar una denuncia to lodge a complaint

presentar una ponencia to present a paper

* * *

verb

1) to present

2) introduce

3) submit

4) make a gift

•

- presentarse

* * *

1. VT

1) (=enseñar, exponer) [gen] to present; [+ moción, candidato] to propose, put forward; [+ pruebas, informe] to submit; [+ documento, pasaporte] to show

presentar una propuesta — to make o present a proposal

presentar algo al cobro o al pago — (Com) to present sth for payment

2) (=entregar) to hand in

mañana tengo que presentar un trabajo — I have to hand in an essay tomorrow

presentó la dimisión — he handed in his resignation, he resigned

3) (=mostrar) [+ señal, síntoma] to show

presenta señales de deterioro — it is showing signs of wear

4) (=exponer al público) [+ producto, disco, libro] to launch

presentó su obra en la Galería Mons — she showed her work at the Galería Mons

5) [en espectáculo] [+ obra] to perform; [+ actor, actriz] to present, feature

el grupo presentó una obra en un solo acto — the group performed a one-act play

6) (=ser presentador de) [+ programa televisivo] to present, host

J. Pérez presenta el programa — the programme is presented o hosted by J. Pérez

¿quién presenta ahora las noticias de las nueve? — who presents o reads the nine o'clock news now?

7) (=tener) to have

este año el examen presenta novedades — this year the exam has some new features

el ferrocarril presenta ventajas evidentes — the train offers o has obvious advantages

el cadáver presentaba varios impactos de bala — the body had several bullet wounds

el coche presenta ciertas modificaciones — the car has had certain changes made to it

8) [+ persona] to introduce

me presentó a sus padres — he introduced me to his parents

permítanme presentarles a don Narciso Gómez — allow me to introduce Mr Narciso Gómez (to you)

te presento a Carlos — this is Carlos

a ver si te presento a mi amiga Jacinta — you must meet my friend Jacinta, I must introduce you to my friend Jacinta

ser presentada en sociedad — to come out, make one's début

9) (=ofrecer) [+ disculpa] to offer, make

presentó sus respetos — she paid her respects

le presento mis consideraciones — [en carta] yours faithfully

10) (Mil)

presentar armas — to present arms

presentar batalla — (lit) to draw up in battle array; (fig) to offer resistance

2.

See:

presentarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( mostrar) to present

un producto bien presentado — a well-presented product

b) ( exponer por primera vez) <libro/disco> to launch; < obra de arte> to present; < colección de moda> to present, exhibit

c) ( entregar) <informe/solicitud> to submit

le presenté el pasaporte — I gave him my passport, I presented my passport to him

d) ( enseñar) to show

hay que presentar el carné para entrar — you have to show your membership card to get in

e) <disculpas/excusas> to make; < dimisión> to hand in, submit; < queja> to file, make

fui a presentar mis respetos — I went to pay my respects

presentaron una denuncia — they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint

presentar pruebas — to present evidence

presentar cargos — to bring charges

presentar una demanda — to bring a lawsuit

f) (Mil)

presentar armas — to present arms

2) (TV) < programa> to present, introduce

3) < persona> to introduce

te presento a mi hermana — I'd like you to meet my sister, this is my sister

4) <novedad/ventaja> to offer; < síntoma> to show
2.
presentarse v pron

1)

a) ( en lugar) to turn up, appear

presentarse (como) voluntario — to volunteer

se presentó voluntariamente a la policía — he turned himself in to the police

presentarse ante el juez — to appear before the judge

b) (a concurso, examen)

se presentó al examen — she took o (BrE) sat the exam

me presenté al concurso — I entered the competition

se presenta como candidato independiente — he's running (AmE) o (BrE) he's standing as an independent

presentarse para un cargo — to apply for a post

2) dificultad/problema to arise, come up, crop up (colloq)

si se me presenta la oportunidad — if I get the opportunity, if the opportunity arises

el futuro se presenta prometedor — the future looks promising

3) ( darse a conocer) to introduce oneself

presentarse en sociedad — to make one's debut (in society)

* * *

= bring to + the attention, display, draw, exhibit, expose, feature, introduce, open up, pose, present, provide with, set out, subject, throw up, render, put before, produce, table, submit, unveil, showcase, surrender, lay out, roll out, construct, tender, come up with, report, bring forward, deliver.

Ex. Many displays are changed from time to time (for example, once a week, or once a month) so that various sections of the stock may be brought to the attention of the library's public over a period of time.

Ex. The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.

Ex. For example, when setting up the format for records in a data base, the user can draw a form on the screen, complete with headings for each field, and then, the data is entered into the form.

Ex. These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.

Ex. The reputation of the information and its authority will be more exposed to examination.

Ex. Other catalogues and bibliographies only feature added entries under title where it is deemed that the author main entry heading is not likely to be obvious to the users.

Ex. The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.

Ex. Here is a key paper by a non librarian which opens up a new and constructive approach to library purpose.

Ex. This illustrates the puzzle that differential policies pose for users.

Ex. Informative abstract present as much as possible of the quantitative or qualitative information contained in a document.

Ex. Many libraries provide users with photocopies of contents pages of selected journals.

Ex. A short score is a sketch made by a composer for an ensemble work, with the main features of the composition set out on a few staves.

Ex. Author abstracts are the abstracts prepared by authors of the document that has been subjected to abstracting.

Ex. Demands from clients will often throw up an occurrence of similar problems, revealing perhaps the operation of an injustice, the lack of an amenity in the neighbourhood, or simply bureaucratic inefficiency.

Ex. The eventuality is, admittedly, remote but it is also necessary to render the imprint statement in this amount of detail.

Ex. The art of documentation is the process by which the documentalist is enabled to put before the creative specialist the existing literature bearing on the subject of his investigation.

Ex. The perfect librarian may be defined as one who produces the information a reader requires as soon as the reader asks for it.

Ex. This list indicates the dates the reports were tabled and any further action take.

Ex. Most publications are probably free distribution material and whilst that does not absolve the publishers from the obligation of legal deposit it is probable that many local authorities do not submit their materials.

Ex. Here is an institution which knows, neither rank nor wealth within its walls, which stops the ignorant peer or the ignorant monarch at its threshold, and declines to unveil to him its treasures, or to waste time upon him, and yet welcomes the workman according to his knowledge or thirst for knowledge.

Ex. Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.

Ex. The book's date label is stamped in the usual way, and the reader must surrender one token for each book he is borrowing.

Ex. There should be plenty of space to lay out all the books attractively and for people to move about without feeling too crowded.

Ex. I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.

Ex. It is argued that newspaper reporting of bigamy constructs bigamists as being a threat to the institution of marriage.

Ex. This address was tendered at the State Library of Victoria, Nov 88, to mark the retirement of Professor Jean Whyte.

Ex. Derfer corroborated her: 'I'd be very proud of you if you could come up with the means to draft a model collection development policy'.

Ex. Criticism is not appropriate in a style which aims to report, but not comment upon the content of the original document.

Ex. They also intend to bring forward legislation to provide that the maximum amount of compensation should be £500,000.

Ex. The result could be termed a full-provision data base -- a data base including both text and reference, and delivering much more than the 2 added together.

----

* argumento que presenta sólo un punto de vista = one-sided argument.

* oportunidad + presentarse = opportunity + knock, opportunity + present + Reflexivo.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva óptica = throw + Nombre + in a new light, throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde un nuevo ángulo = throw + new light on.

* presentar argumentos a favor = make + a case for.

* presentar argumentos a favor de = present + arguments in favour of.

* presentar como = make + Nombre + out to be.

* presentar conclusiones = provide + conclusions.

* presentar conocimiento = package + knowledge.

* presentar deficiencias = fall + short.

* presentar de manera esquemática = give + overview.

* presentar dentro de = package.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.

* presentar detalladamente = spread out.

* presentar dificultad = present + difficulty.

* presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.

* presentar en pantalla = call up, print + online, bring up, screen.

* presentar evidencia a favor de = present + case for.

* presentar información = submit + information, package + information.

* presentar información de varios modos = repackage + information.

* presentar la evolución de Algo = chart + the history.

* presentar la oportunidad = allow + the opportunity to.

* presentar las pruebas ante = lay + evidence before.

* presentar peligro = present + danger.

* presentar + Posesivo + respetos = pay + Posesivo + respects.

* presentar posibilidades = present + possibilities, open (up) + avenues.

* presentar problemas = present + problems.

* presentar pruebas = give + evidence.

* presentar resultados = report + findings, report + results.

* presentar reto = defy.

* presentarse = come in, manifest + Reflexivo, turn up, show up, unfold, come forward, come with.

* presentarse a = stand for.

* presentarse a una elección = stand for + election, run for + election.

* presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* presentar (según) = cast (in/into).

* presentarse una ocasión = occasion + arise.

* presentar similitudes = share + similarities.

* presentar una amenaza = pose + threat.

* presentar una comunicación = deliver + paper, give + paper, present + paper.

* presentar una contribución = present + contribution.

* presentar una demanda = file + suit against, file + lawsuit against.

* presentar una demanda judicial = take + legal action, take + legal proceedings.

* presentar una denuncia = file + police report.

* presentar una factura = submit + bill.

* presentar una idea = make + point, put forward + idea, offer + perspective, present + idea.

* presentar una imagen = present + picture, paint + a picture, present + an image.

* presentar una oportunidad = afford + opportunity.

* presentar una petición = submit + petition.

* presentar una ponencia = give + paper, read + paper.

* presentar una propuesta = submit + proposal.

* presentar una queja = register + complaint, lodge + complaint, file + complaint, file + grievance.

* presentar una reclamación = enter + complaint, place + claim, file + complaint.

* presentar un argumento = advance + argument.

* presentar una solicitud = submit + application.

* presentar un aspecto = present + a picture.

* presentar un aspecto de = wear + a look of.

* presentar una visión = present + a picture.

* presentar una visión global = give + overview, present + an overview, present + an overall picture, give + an overall picture, overview.

* presentar un buen aspecto = look + good.

* presentar un dilema = present + dilemma.

* presentar un frente común = present + common front.

* presentar un informe = give + a report, present + report.

* presentar un obstáculo = pose + obstacle.

* presentar un peligro = pose + danger.

* presentar un problema = pose + problem, air + problem.

* presentar un programa = present + programme.

* presentar un proyecto = submit + project, present + project.

* presentar un resumen = give + summary.

* presentar un reto = present + challenge, provide + challenge.

* presentar un riesgo = pose + risk.

* presentar vestigios de = bear + traces of.

* seleccionar y presentar en un documento = package.

* volver a presentar = resubmit [re-submit].

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( mostrar) to present

un producto bien presentado — a well-presented product

b) ( exponer por primera vez) <libro/disco> to launch; < obra de arte> to present; < colección de moda> to present, exhibit

c) ( entregar) <informe/solicitud> to submit

le presenté el pasaporte — I gave him my passport, I presented my passport to him

d) ( enseñar) to show

hay que presentar el carné para entrar — you have to show your membership card to get in

e) <disculpas/excusas> to make; < dimisión> to hand in, submit; < queja> to file, make

fui a presentar mis respetos — I went to pay my respects

presentaron una denuncia — they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint

presentar pruebas — to present evidence

presentar cargos — to bring charges

presentar una demanda — to bring a lawsuit

f) (Mil)

presentar armas — to present arms

2) (TV) < programa> to present, introduce

3) < persona> to introduce

te presento a mi hermana — I'd like you to meet my sister, this is my sister

4) <novedad/ventaja> to offer; < síntoma> to show
2.
presentarse v pron

1)

a) ( en lugar) to turn up, appear

presentarse (como) voluntario — to volunteer

se presentó voluntariamente a la policía — he turned himself in to the police

presentarse ante el juez — to appear before the judge

b) (a concurso, examen)

se presentó al examen — she took o (BrE) sat the exam

me presenté al concurso — I entered the competition

se presenta como candidato independiente — he's running (AmE) o (BrE) he's standing as an independent

presentarse para un cargo — to apply for a post

2) dificultad/problema to arise, come up, crop up (colloq)

si se me presenta la oportunidad — if I get the opportunity, if the opportunity arises

el futuro se presenta prometedor — the future looks promising

3) ( darse a conocer) to introduce oneself

presentarse en sociedad — to make one's debut (in society)

* * *

presentar (según)

(v.) = cast (in/into)

Ex: Which of the following subject analyses is cast in the citation order PMEST?.

= bring to + the attention, display, draw, exhibit, expose, feature, introduce, open up, pose, present, provide with, set out, subject, throw up, render, put before, produce, table, submit, unveil, showcase, surrender, lay out, roll out, construct, tender, come up with, report, bring forward, deliver.

Ex: Many displays are changed from time to time (for example, once a week, or once a month) so that various sections of the stock may be brought to the attention of the library's public over a period of time.

Ex: The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.

Ex: For example, when setting up the format for records in a data base, the user can draw a form on the screen, complete with headings for each field, and then, the data is entered into the form.

Ex: These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.

Ex: The reputation of the information and its authority will be more exposed to examination.

Ex: Other catalogues and bibliographies only feature added entries under title where it is deemed that the author main entry heading is not likely to be obvious to the users.

Ex: The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.

Ex: Here is a key paper by a non librarian which opens up a new and constructive approach to library purpose.

Ex: This illustrates the puzzle that differential policies pose for users.

Ex: Informative abstract present as much as possible of the quantitative or qualitative information contained in a document.

Ex: Many libraries provide users with photocopies of contents pages of selected journals.

Ex: A short score is a sketch made by a composer for an ensemble work, with the main features of the composition set out on a few staves.

Ex: Author abstracts are the abstracts prepared by authors of the document that has been subjected to abstracting.

Ex: Demands from clients will often throw up an occurrence of similar problems, revealing perhaps the operation of an injustice, the lack of an amenity in the neighbourhood, or simply bureaucratic inefficiency.

Ex: The eventuality is, admittedly, remote but it is also necessary to render the imprint statement in this amount of detail.

Ex: The art of documentation is the process by which the documentalist is enabled to put before the creative specialist the existing literature bearing on the subject of his investigation.

Ex: The perfect librarian may be defined as one who produces the information a reader requires as soon as the reader asks for it.

Ex: This list indicates the dates the reports were tabled and any further action take.

Ex: Most publications are probably free distribution material and whilst that does not absolve the publishers from the obligation of legal deposit it is probable that many local authorities do not submit their materials.

Ex: Here is an institution which knows, neither rank nor wealth within its walls, which stops the ignorant peer or the ignorant monarch at its threshold, and declines to unveil to him its treasures, or to waste time upon him, and yet welcomes the workman according to his knowledge or thirst for knowledge.

Ex: Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.

Ex: The book's date label is stamped in the usual way, and the reader must surrender one token for each book he is borrowing.

Ex: There should be plenty of space to lay out all the books attractively and for people to move about without feeling too crowded.

Ex: I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.

Ex: It is argued that newspaper reporting of bigamy constructs bigamists as being a threat to the institution of marriage.

Ex: This address was tendered at the State Library of Victoria, Nov 88, to mark the retirement of Professor Jean Whyte.

Ex: Derfer corroborated her: 'I'd be very proud of you if you could come up with the means to draft a model collection development policy'.

Ex: Criticism is not appropriate in a style which aims to report, but not comment upon the content of the original document.

Ex: They also intend to bring forward legislation to provide that the maximum amount of compensation should be £500,000.

Ex: The result could be termed a full-provision data base -- a data base including both text and reference, and delivering much more than the 2 added together.

* argumento que presenta sólo un punto de vista = one-sided argument.

* oportunidad + presentarse = opportunity + knock, opportunity + present + Reflexivo.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva óptica = throw + Nombre + in a new light, throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde un nuevo ángulo = throw + new light on.

* presentar argumentos a favor = make + a case for.

* presentar argumentos a favor de = present + arguments in favour of.

* presentar como = make + Nombre + out to be.

* presentar conclusiones = provide + conclusions.

* presentar conocimiento = package + knowledge.

* presentar deficiencias = fall + short.

* presentar de manera esquemática = give + overview.

* presentar dentro de = package.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.

* presentar detalladamente = spread out.

* presentar dificultad = present + difficulty.

* presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.

* presentar en pantalla = call up, print + online, bring up, screen.

* presentar evidencia a favor de = present + case for.

* presentar información = submit + information, package + information.

* presentar información de varios modos = repackage + information.

* presentar la evolución de Algo = chart + the history.

* presentar la oportunidad = allow + the opportunity to.

* presentar las pruebas ante = lay + evidence before.

* presentar peligro = present + danger.

* presentar + Posesivo + respetos = pay + Posesivo + respects.

* presentar posibilidades = present + possibilities, open (up) + avenues.

* presentar problemas = present + problems.

* presentar pruebas = give + evidence.

* presentar resultados = report + findings, report + results.

* presentar reto = defy.

* presentarse = come in, manifest + Reflexivo, turn up, show up, unfold, come forward, come with.

* presentarse a = stand for.

* presentarse a una elección = stand for + election, run for + election.

* presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* presentar (según) = cast (in/into).

* presentarse una ocasión = occasion + arise.

* presentar similitudes = share + similarities.

* presentar una amenaza = pose + threat.

* presentar una comunicación = deliver + paper, give + paper, present + paper.

* presentar una contribución = present + contribution.

* presentar una demanda = file + suit against, file + lawsuit against.

* presentar una demanda judicial = take + legal action, take + legal proceedings.

* presentar una denuncia = file + police report.

* presentar una factura = submit + bill.

* presentar una idea = make + point, put forward + idea, offer + perspective, present + idea.

* presentar una imagen = present + picture, paint + a picture, present + an image.

* presentar una oportunidad = afford + opportunity.

* presentar una petición = submit + petition.

* presentar una ponencia = give + paper, read + paper.

* presentar una propuesta = submit + proposal.

* presentar una queja = register + complaint, lodge + complaint, file + complaint, file + grievance.

* presentar una reclamación = enter + complaint, place + claim, file + complaint.

* presentar un argumento = advance + argument.

* presentar una solicitud = submit + application.

* presentar un aspecto = present + a picture.

* presentar un aspecto de = wear + a look of.

* presentar una visión = present + a picture.

* presentar una visión global = give + overview, present + an overview, present + an overall picture, give + an overall picture, overview.

* presentar un buen aspecto = look + good.

* presentar un dilema = present + dilemma.

* presentar un frente común = present + common front.

* presentar un informe = give + a report, present + report.

* presentar un obstáculo = pose + obstacle.

* presentar un peligro = pose + danger.

* presentar un problema = pose + problem, air + problem.

* presentar un programa = present + programme.

* presentar un proyecto = submit + project, present + project.

* presentar un resumen = give + summary.

* presentar un reto = present + challenge, provide + challenge.

* presentar un riesgo = pose + risk.

* presentar vestigios de = bear + traces of.

* seleccionar y presentar en un documento = package.

* volver a presentar = resubmit [re-submit].

* * *

presentar [A1 ]

vt

A

1 (mostrar) to present

un producto bien presentado a well-presented product

2 (exponer por primera vez) ‹libro/disco› to launch

presentó sus nuevos cuadros she presented her new paintings

presentará su colección de otoño en Londres he will present o exhibit his autumn collection in London

el nuevo XS34 se presentará al público en el salón de Turín the new XS34 will be on display (to the public) for the first time at the Turin show

3 (entregar) ‹informe/solicitud› to submit

le presenté el pasaporte para que me lo sellara I gave him my passport for stamping, I presented my passport to him for stamping

tengo que presentar los planes mañana I have to submit o present the plans tomorrow

4 (enseñar) to show

hay que presentar el carné para entrar you have to show your membership card to get in

5 ‹disculpas/excusas› to make

fui a presentar mis respetos I went to pay my respects

presentó su dimisión she handed in o submitted her resignation, she resigned

pienso presentar una queja I intend filing o making a complaint

presentaron una denuncia they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint

presentar pruebas to present evidence

presentar cargos to bring charges

presentar una demanda to bring a lawsuit

6 ( Mil):

presentar armas to present arms

B (TV) ‹programa› to present, introduce

C [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] ‹persona› to introduce

el director presentó al conferenciante the director introduced the speaker

me presentó a su familia he introduced me to his family

te presento a mi hermana I'd like you to meet my sister/this is my sister

D

(mostrar, ofrecer): el nuevo modelo presenta algunas novedades the latest model has o offers some new features

presenta muchas ventajas para el consumidor it offers the consumer many advantages

el paciente no presentaba síntomas de intoxicación the patient showed no signs of food poisoning

el cadáver presenta un impacto de bala en el costado ( frml); there is a bullet wound in the side of the body, the body has a bullet wound in the side

■ presentarse

v pron

A

1 (en un lugar) to turn up, appear

se presentó en casa sin avisar he turned up o showed up o appeared at the house unexpectedly

se presentó (como) voluntario he volunteered

se presentó voluntariamente a la policía he turned himself in to the police

tendrá que presentarse ante el juez he will have to appear before the judge

2

(a un concurso, examen): se presentó al examen she took o ( BrE) sat the exam

me presenté al concurso I entered the competition

se presenta como candidato independiente he's an independent candidate, he's running as an independent ( AmE), he's standing as an independent ( BrE)

se presentó para el cargo de director he applied for the post of director

B «dificultad/problema» to arise, come up, crop up ( colloq)

estaré allí salvo que se presente algún impedimento I'll be there unless something crops up o comes up

si se me presenta la oportunidad if I get the opportunity, if the opportunity arises

el futuro se presenta prometedor the future looks promising

el asunto se presenta muy mal things are looking very bad

C (darse a conocer) to introduce oneself

permítame que me presente allow me to introduce myself

presentarse en sociedad to make one's debut (in society)

* * *

presentar ( conjugate presentar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( mostrar) to present

b) ( exponer por primera vez) ‹libro/disco› to launch;

‹ obra de arte› to present;
‹ colección de moda› to present, exhibit
c) ( entregar) ‹informe/solicitud› to submit;

‹ trabajo› to hand in;
‹ renuncia› to hand in, submit
d) ( enseñar) ‹carnet/pasaporte› to show

e) ‹disculpas/excusas› to make;

‹ queja› to file, make;
‹ cargos› to bring;
◊ presentaron una denuncia they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint;

presentar pruebas to present evidence
f) (Mil):

◊ presentar armas to present arms

2 (TV) ‹ programa› to present, introduce
3 ‹ persona› to introduce;
◊ te presento a mi hermana I'd like you to meet my sister, this is my sister

4 ‹novedad/ventaja› to offer;
‹ síntoma› to show
presentarse verbo pronominal
1
a) ( en lugar) to turn up, appear;

◊ presentarse (como) voluntario to volunteer

b) presentarse a algo ‹ a examen› to take sth;

‹ a concurso› to enter sth;
‹ a elecciones› to take part in sth;
◊ se presenta como candidato independiente he's running (AmE) o (BrE) he's standing as an independent;

presentarse para un cargo to apply for a post
2 [dificultad/problema] to arise, come up;
[ oportunidad] to arise
3 ( darse a conocer) to introduce oneself
presentar verbo transitivo
1 (un programa, pruebas, etc) to present
2 (un producto) to launch
3 (a una persona) to introduce
4 (síntomas, características, etc) to have, show
5 (disculpas) to give, present
(condolencias) to give, pay
6 (la dimisión) to hand in
7 (una queja) to file, make
' presentar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
alegar
- compeler
- convenir
- dimisión
- esquema
- revestir
- dar
- demanda
- denuncia
- introducir
- licitar
- moción
- queja
- querella
- renuncia
English:
bring forward
- charge
- claim
- field
- file
- hand in
- host
- introduce
- lay
- lodge
- make out
- model
- pay
- present
- press
- produce
- put in
- put on
- put up
- register
- render
- replay
- report
- represent
- rerun
- respect
- serve up
- set out
- show
- slant
- star
- submit
- table
- this
- bring
- come
- display
- enter
- exhibit
- float
- hand
- notice
- propose
- put
- retake
- sponsor
- tender

* * *

presentar

♦ vt

1. [mostrar, entregar] to present;
[dimisión] to tender, to hand in; [tesis] to hand in, to submit; [pruebas, propuesta] to submit; [recurso, denuncia] to lodge; [solicitud] to make; [moción] to propose;
presente su pasaporte en la ventanilla show your passport at the window;

presentar cargos/una demanda contra alguien to bring charges/an action against sb;

¡presenten armas! [en ejército] present arms!;

es un trabajo muy bien presentado it is a very well presented piece of work

2. [dar a conocer] to introduce;

me presentó a sus amigos she introduced me to her friends;

Juan, te presento a Carmen Juan, this is Carmen;

me parece que no nos han presentado I don't think we've been introduced;

permítame que le presente a nuestra directora allow me to introduce you to our manager, I'd like you to meet our manager;

no se conocían, pero yo los presenté they didn't know each other, but I introduced them (to each other)

3. [anunciar] [programa de radio o televisión] to present;
[espectáculo] to compere;
la mujer que presenta el telediario the woman who reads the news on TV

4. [proponer para competición] [obra] to enter;

presentar una novela a un premio literario to enter a novel for a literary prize;

presentar una película a concurso to enter a film at a film festival;

presentar a alguien para algo to propose sb for sth, to put sb forward for sth;

el partido presentará a la señora Cruz para la alcaldía the party is putting Mrs Cruz forward for the office of mayor, Mrs Cruz will be the party's candidate for the office of mayor

5. [exhibir por primera vez] [planes, presupuestos] to present;
[película] to premiere; [libro, disco] to launch;
el club presentó a su último fichaje ante la prensa the club introduced its new signing to the press

6. [ofrecer] [disculpas, excusas] to make;
[respetos] to pay;
nos presentó (sus) disculpas he made his excuses to us

7. [tener] [aspecto, características, novedades] to have;

este fondo de inversión presenta grandes ventajas this investment fund offers o has big advantages;

la playa presenta un aspecto deplorable the beach is in a terrible state;

presenta difícil solución it's going to be difficult to solve;

el paciente presentaba síntomas de deshidratación the patient presented symptoms of dehydration

♦ See also the pronominal verb presentarse

* * *

presentar

v/t

1 TV present

2 a alguien introduce

3 producto launch

4 solicitud submit

* * *

presentar vt

1) : to present, to show

2) : to offer, to give

3) : to submit (a document), to launch (a product)

4) : to introduce (a person)

♦ See also the reflexive verb presentarse

* * *

presentar vb

1. (personas) to introduce

me presentó a su marido she introduced me to her husband

te presento a Iván this is Iván / meet Iván

2. (programa, idea, propuesta) to present

3. (un producto) to launch

el escritor presenta su nuevo libro the writer is launching his new book

4. (señales, aspecto) to have / to show [pt. showed; pp. shown]

el paciente presenta muy buen aspecto the patient looks quite well

Spanish-English dictionary > presentar
17 afficher

afficher [afi∫e]

➭ TABLE 1

1. transitive verb

to display ; [+ résultats] to put up

• « défense d'afficher » "post no bills"

• afficher complet to be sold out

• afficher ses opinions politiques to make no secret of one's political views

2. reflexive verb

► s'afficher

a. ( = apparaître) to be displayed

• un menu s'affiche à l'écran a menu is displayed on the screen

b. ( = se montrer) to flaunt o.s.

• s'afficher avec son amant to carry on in public with one's lover

* * *
afiʃe
1.

verbe transitif

1) ( coller) to put up [affiche]

‘défense d'afficher’ — ‘no fly-posting’

2) ( faire connaître par voie d'affiche) to display [prix]; to post (up) [décret, résultat]

afficher complet — Cinéma, Théâtre to be sold out; [hôtel] to be fully booked; [parking] to be full

3) Commerce, Finance [Bourse, marché, entreprise] to show [hausse, résultat]

4) fig ( montrer) to show [admiration, confiance, détermination]; to declare [ambitions]; to display [mépris, autorité]; to flaunt péj [opinions, liaison, vie privée]

afficher le sourire — lit to have a big smile; ( feindre) to put on a big smile

5) Informatique to display

2.

s'afficher verbe pronominal [personne] to flaunt oneself; [sourire, joie] to appear ( sur on)

* * *
afiʃe vt
1) [affiche] to put up

"défense d'afficher" — "stick no bills"

2) [information] to post, [réunion] to put up a notice about

Ils ont affiché les résultats dehors. — They've posted the results outside.

3) fig (= enregistrer) [résultats, taux] to post, to declare

4) (électroniquement) to display

5) fig, [sentiment] to exhibit, to display, [intention] to reveal

* * *

afficher verb table: aimer

A vtr

1 ( coller) to put up [affiche, photo]; ‘défense d'afficher’ ‘no fly-posting’, ‘stick no bills’;

2 ( faire connaître par voie d'affiche) to display [prix]; to post (up) [décret, résultat];

3 Comm, Fin [entreprise] to show [déficit, résultat]; [Bourse, marché] to show [hausse, baisse, excédent];

4 Cin, Théât [cinéma] to show [film]; [théâtre] to have [sth] on [pièce, spectacle]; afficher complet Cin, Théât to be sold out; [hôtel, voyage] to be completely full, to be fully booked GB, to be booked up GB; [parking] to be full;

5 fig ( montrer) to show [admiration, confiance, détermination]; to declare [ambitions]; to display [mépris, autorité, opinions]; to flaunt [liaison, vie privée]; afficher le sourire lit to have a big smile; ( feindre) to put on a big smile; afficher sa bonne santé/forme to show how healthy/fit one is, to flaunt one's health/fitness péj;

6 Ordinat to display [donnée, résultat].

B s'afficher vpr

1 Tech [résultat, texte, horaire] to be displayed (sur on);

2 ( avec ostentation) [personne] to flaunt oneself; s'afficher comme catholique to declare oneself to be a Catholic; un catholique qui s'affiche comme tel an out-and-out Catholic;

3 [sourire, joie] to appear (sur on).

[afiʃe] verbe transitif

1. [placarder] to post ou to stick up (separable)

2. [annoncer] to bill, to have on the bill

on affiche complet pour ce soir the house is full tonight

3. (péjoratif) [exhiber] to show off (separable), to display, to flaunt (péjoratif)

afficher son désespoir to make one's despair obvious

afficher sa fortune/une liaison to flaunt one's wealth/an affair

4. INFORMATIQUE to display

————————

s'afficher verbe pronominal intransitif

(péjoratif)

elle s'affiche avec lui she makes a point of being seen with him

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > afficher
18 vetrina

f (shop) window

mobile display cabinet

di museo, fig showcase

* * *

vetrina¹ s.f.

1 (shop) window: gli articoli in vetrina, the articles shown in the window; allestimento di una vetrina, window dressing; andare a guardare le vetrine, to go window-shopping

2 ( bacheca) showcase, display case (o cabinet)

3 ( cristalliera) glass cupboard, (glass) cabinet

4 (fig.) showcase: questa fiera è una vetrina della moda italiana, this trade fair is a showcase of Italian fashion; mettersi in vetrina, to show off.

vetrina² s.f. ( rivestimento vetroso) (ceramic) glaze.

* * *
[ve'trina]
sostantivo femminile

1) (di negozio) shop window

la giacca in vetrina — the jacket in the window

allestire una vetrina — to dress a shop window

andare in giro per -e — to go window-shopping

2) (bacheca) display case; (mobile) display cabinet, china cabinet

3) fig. showcase

mettersi in vetrina — to push oneself forward o to show oneself off

* * *

vetrina

/ve'trina/

sostantivo f.

1 (di negozio) shop window; la giacca in vetrina the jacket in the window; allestire una vetrina to dress a shop window; andare in giro per -e to go window-shopping

2 (bacheca) display case; (mobile) display cabinet, china cabinet

3 fig. showcase; mettersi in vetrina to push oneself forward o to show oneself off.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > vetrina
19 exhiber

exhiber [εgzibe]

➭ TABLE 1

1. transitive verb

a. (formal) [+ document] to show

b. [+ animal] to exhibit ; (pejorative) [+ partie du corps] to show off ; [+ savoir, richesse] to display

2. reflexive verb

► s'exhiber (pejorative) ( = parader) to parade around ; [exhibitionniste] to expose o.s.

* * *
ɛgzibe
1.

verbe transitif to flaunt [toilettes, richesse, objet]; to show [animal]; to expose [partie du corps]

2.

s'exhiber verbe pronominal

1) pej ( se montrer) to flaunt oneself

2) ( indécemment) to expose oneself

* * *
ɛɡzibe vt
1) (= montrer) [papiers, certificat] to present, to produce

2) péjoratif, [trophée, voiture] to display, to show off

Il aime bien exhiber ses décorations. — He likes showing off his medals.

* * *

exhiber verb table: aimer

A vtr to flaunt [toilettes, richesse, objet]; to show [animal]; to expose [partie du corps]; Jur to produce [lettre, mandat].

B s'exhiber vpr

1 [exhibitionniste] to expose oneself;

2 pej ( se montrer) to flaunt oneself.

[ɛgzibe] verbe transitif

1. [afficher - décorations, muscles] to display, to show off (inseparable) ; [ - richesses] to display, to make a (great) show of ; [ - savoir] to show off

2. [au cirque, à la foire] to show, to exhibit

3. [document officiel] to produce, to show, to present

————————

s'exhiber verbe pronominal intransitif

[parader] to parade (around)

[impudiquement] to expose oneself

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > exhiber
20 HAFA

have

* * *

(hefi; hafða, höfðum; hafðr), v.

1) to have (þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór);

hafa elda, to keep up a five;

2) to hold, celebrate (hafa vinaboð, blót, þing);

3) to keep, retain (rifu þær vefinn í sundr, ok hafði hverr þat er hélt á);

4) to use (tvau net eru rý, ok hafa eigi höfð verit);

orð þau sem hann hafði um haft, which he had made use of;

hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one;

hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one;

hafa tvimæli á e-u, to speak doubtfully of a thing;

hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words;

hann var mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in, lawsuits;

5) to have, hold, maintain;

hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one;

hafa hættumikit, to run a great risk;

hafa heilindi, to have good health;

6) to bring, carry;

hafa e-n heim með sér, to bring one home;

hann hafði lög, út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway;

hafa sik (to betake oneself) til annara landa;

7) to take, carry off;

troll hafi þik, the trolls take thee;

8) to get, gain, win;

hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep;

hefir sá jafnan, er hættir, he wins that ventures;

hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victor;

hafa meira hlut, to get the upper hand, gain the day;

hafa betr (verr), to get the better (worse) of it;

hafa sitt mál, to win one’s suit;

hafa tafl, to win the game;

hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed;

hafa bana, to suffer death, to die;

hafa sigr, to be worsted;

hafa góðar viðtökur, to be well received;

hafa tíðindi af e-m, to get tidings of, or from, one;

hafa sœmd, óvirðing af e-m, to get honour, disgrace from one;

with gen., hafa e-s ekki, to fail to catch one (hann kemst á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki);

ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we shall not catch him at present;

9) to wear carry (clothes, weapons);

hann hafði blán kyrtil, he wore a blue kirtle;

hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand;

10) to behave, do, or fare, so an so esp. with an adv.;

hafa vel, illa, vetr, to behave (do) well, badly, be worse;

hafa sik vel, to behave;

hafa vel, to be well off or happy;

hafa hart, to be in a wretched plight;

11) with infin., hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping at selja, to have on sale;

lög hafið þér at mæla, you are right;

12) hafa e-n nær e-u, to expose one to (þú hafðir svá nær haft oss úfœru);

hafa nær e-u, to come near to, esp. impers.;

nær hafði okkr nú, it was a narrow escape;

svá nær hafði hausinum, at, the shot so nearly touched the head, that;

ok er nær hafði, skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of flloating;

13) as an auxiliary verb, in the earliest time with the pp. of transitive verbs in acc.;

hefir þú hamar um fólginn, hast thou hidden the hammer?;

ek hefi sendan mann, I have sent a man;

later with indecl. neut. pp.;

hefir þú eigi sét mik, hast thou not seen me?;

14) with preps.:

hafa e-t at, to do, act;

hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely;

absol., viltu þess freista, ok vita hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see what happens?;

hafa e-t at hlífiskildi (skotspœni), to use as a shield (as a target);

hafa e-n háði, hlátri, to mock, laugh at;

hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of;

hafa sakir á e-n have charges against one;

hafa á rás, to take to one’s heels, run off;

hafa e-t eptir, to do or repeat a thing after one;

hafa e-t fram, to produce (vápn þorgils vóru fram höfð); to carry out, hold forth;

hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit;

var um búit, ekki fram haft, all was made ready but nothing done;

hafa e-t frammi, í frammi, to use, make use of (hafa í frammi kúgan);

ok öll lögmæt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all on official duties;

hafa e-t fyrir satt, to hold for true;

eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed for that, it is a false charge;

hafa e-n fyrir sökum um e-t, to charge one with;

hafa í hótum við e-n, to threaten one;

hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand;

höfum eiai sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands;

hafa ór við e-n, to behave so and so towards one (hefir þú illa ór haft við mik);

hafa e-t til e-s to use for (höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót); to be a reason or ground for;

vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sézt, we believe the foundation of the story is that men have been seen there;

hafa mikit (lítit) til síns máls, to have much (little) in support of one’s case;

hafa e-t til, to have at hand, possess;

orð þau, sem hann hafði um haft, the words which he had used;

keisari hafði fátt um, did not say much;

hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue one;

hafa e-t uppi, to take (heave) up (hafa uppi fœri, net);

Skarpheðinn hafði uppi øxina, S. heaved up the axe;

hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel;

hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game;

hafa e-n uppi, to bring one to light;

hafa uppi rœður, to begin a discussion;

hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished (hafa úti sitt dagsverk);

hafa við e-m, to be a match for one;

hafa sik við, to exert oneself;

hafa mikit (lítit) við, to make a great (little) display;

hann söng messu ok bafði mikit við, and made much of it;

hann bad jarl leita, bann hafði lítit við þat, he did it lightly;

haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so;

haf þú lítit við at eggja sonu þina, refrain from egging on thy sons;

15) refl., hafast.

* * *

pret. hafði; subj. hefði; pres. sing. hefi (less correctly hefir), hefir, hefir; plur. höfum, hafit, hafa: the mod. pres. sing. is monosyllabic hefr or hefur, and is used so in rhymes—andvara engan hefur | … við glys heims gálaus sefur, Pass. 15. 6, but in print the true old form hefir is still retained; the monosyllabic present is used even by old writers in the 1st pers. before the personal or negative suffix, e. g. hef-k and hef-k-a ek for hefi-g and hefig-a ek, see e. g. Grág. (Kb.) 79, 82, in the old oath formula, hef-k eigi, Hallfred; hef ek, Fms. iii. 10 (in a verse); but not so in 3rd pers., e. g. hefir-a or hefir-at, Grág. l. c.: imperat. haf, hafðu: part. pass. hafðr, neut. haft;—hafat is an απ. λεγ., Vsp. 16, and is prob. qs. hafit from hefja, to heave, lift: [Ulf. haban; A. S. habban; Engl. have; Hel. hebben; Germ. haben; Dutch hebben; Dan. have, Swed. hafva: it is curious the Lat. form habere retains the consonant unchanged, cp. the Romance forms, Ital. avere, Fr. avoir, Span. haber, etc. ☞ Hafa is a weak verb, and thus distinguished from hefja (to lift, begin), which is a strong verb, answering to Lat. capere, incipere; but in sundry cases, as will be seen below, it passes into the sense of this latter word; as also in some instances into that of another lost strong verb, hafa, hóf, to behave, and hœfa, to hit]:—to have.

A. To have; hann hafði með sér ekki meira lið, Fms. i. 39; hafði hverr hirð um sik, 52; höfðu þeir áttján skip, viii. 42; Sverrir hafði tvau hundrað manna, … þeir höfðu annan samnað á landi, 328; hann hafði mikit lið ok frítt, x. 36; þeir höfðu sjau skip ok flest stór, 102; hafa fjölmennar setur, Eb. 22; hann hafði menn sína í síldveri, Eg. 42; mun ek naut hafa þar sem mér þykkir hagi beztr, 716.

II. to hold:

1. to keep, celebrate; hafa ok halda, Dipl. i. 6; hafa átrúnað, 10; hafa dóma, 12; hafa blót, Fms. iv. 254; hafa vina-veizlu, id.; hafa vina-boð, Nj. 2; hafa Jóla-boð, Eg. 516; hafa þing, Fms. ix. 449; hafa haust-boð, Gísl. 27; hafa drykkju, Eb. 154; hafa leik, Fms. x. 201, passim.

2. to hold, observe; hlýðir þat hvergi at hafa eigi lög í landi, Nj. 149; skal þat hafa, er stendr …, Grág. i. 7; skal þat allt hafa er finsk á skrá þeirri …, id.; en hvatki es mis-sagt es í fræðum þessum, þá es skylt at hafa þat (to keep, hold to be true) es sannara reynisk, Íb. 3; ok hafða ek (I kept, selected) þat ór hvárri er framarr greindi, Landn. 320, v. l.

3. to hold, keep, retain; ef hann vill hafa hann til fardaga, Grág. i. 155; skal búandinn hafa hann hálfan mánuð, 154; ok hafði hvárr þat er hélt á, Nj. 279; hitt skal hafa er um fram er, Rb. 56; kasta í burt þrjátigi ok haf þat sem eptir verðr, 494.

4. to hold an office; hafa lögsögu, to hold the office of lögsaga, Íb. passim; hafa jarldóm, konungdóm, passim; þat höfðu haft at fornu Dana-konungar, Eg. 267; þér berit konunga-nöfn svá sem fyrr hafa haft ( have had) forfeðr yðrir, en hafit lítið af ríki, Fms. i. 52; hafa ríki, to reign, Hkr. pref.

5. phrases, hafa elda, to keep a fire, cook, Fms. xi. 129; hafa fjárgæzlu, to tend sheep, Eg. 740; hafa embætti með höndum, Stj. 204; hafa gæzlur á e-u, Fms. ix. 313; hafa … vetr, to have so many winters, be of such an age (cp. Fr. avoir … ans), Íb. 15; margir höfðu lítið fátt þúsund ára, Ver. 7: hafa vörn í máli, Nj. 93; hafa e-t með höndum, to have in hand, Fms. viii. 280, ix. 239; hafa e-t á höndum, Grág. i. 38; hafa fyrir satt, to hold for true, Fms. xi. 10; hafa við orð, to intimate, suggest, Nj. 160; hafa e-t at engu, vettugi, to hold for naught, take no notice of, Fas. i. 318.

6. with prepp. or infin.,

α. with prep.; hafa til, to have, possess; ef annarr þeirra hefir til enn annarr eigi, þá er sá skyldr til at fá honum er til hefir, Grág. i. 33; ef annarr hefir til …, id.; þér ætlið at ek muna eigi afl til hafa, Ld. 28.

β. with infin.; hafa at varðveita, to have in keeping, Eg. 500; lög hafit þér at mæla, you have the law on your tongue, i. e. you are right, Nj. 101; hörð tíðindi hefi ek at segja þér, 64; sá er gripinn hefir at halda, Grág. i. 438; hafa at selja, to have on sale, Ld. 28.

III. to use; var haft til þess sker eitt, Eb. 12; þá höfðu þeir til varnar skot ok spjót, Fms. vii. 193; er þín ráð vóru höfð, that thy advice was taken, Fs. 57; Gríss hafði þessi ráð, Fms. iii. 21; ek vil at þat sé haft er ek legg til, x. 249; þykki mér þú vel hafa ( make good use of) þau tillög er ek legg fyrir þik, xi. 61; til þess alls er jarli þótti skipta, þá hafði hann þessa hluti, 129; tvau ný (net), ok hafa eigi höfð verit ( which have not been used), haf þú ( take) hvárt er þú vilt, Háv. 46; þær vil ek hafa enar nýju, en ek vil ekki hætta til at hafa enar fornu, id.; önnur er ný ok mikil ok hefir ( has) til einskis höfð ( used) verið, id.; buðkr er fyrir húslker er hafðr, Vm. 171; gjalda vápn þau er höfð eru, N. G. L. i. 75; þat hafði hann haft ( used) fyrir skála, Edda 29; þeir vóru hafðir til at festa með hús jafnan, Nj. 118; sá hólmr var hafðr til at …, Fms. i. 218; hann skyldi hafa hinn sama eið, x. 7; orð þau sem hann hafði ( had) um haft ( used), Nj. 56; orð þau er hann hafði ( made use of) í barnskírn, K. Þ. K. 14.

2. more special phrases; hafa fagrmæli við e-n, to flatter one, Nj. 224; hafa hljóðmæli við e-n, to speak secretly to one, 223; allmikil fjölkyngi mun vera við höfð áðr svá fái gört, Edda 27; hafa mörg orð um e-t, Ld. 268; hafa tvímæli á e-u, to discuss, doubt, speak diffidently of a thing, Lv. 52; hafa viðrmæli um e-t, to use mocking words, Nj. 89; hafa nafn Drottins í hégóma, to take the Lord’s name in vain, Fms. i. 310; (hann var) mjök hafðr við mál manna, much used to, versed in lawsuits, Dropl. 8: hafa sik til e-s, to use oneself to a thing, i. e. to do a mean, paltry thing; þeir er til þess vilja hafa sik, at ganga í samkundur manna úboðit, Gþl. 200; ef hann vill sik til þessa hafa, Fms. i. 99: hafa sik við, to exert oneself; skaltú ok verða þik við at hafa um þetta mál, ef þú getr þat af þér fært, Grett. 160: hafa e-n at skotspæni, to use one as a target, Nj. 222; hafa e-n at hlífi-skildi sér, to use one as a shield, 262; hafa e-n at ginningar-fifli, auga-bragði, háði, hlátri, Hm. 133, Nj. 224, passim.

IV. to have, hold, maintain, of a state or condition; hafa vináttu við e-n, to maintain friendship with one, Sks. 662; hafa vanmátt, to continue sick, Eg. 565; hafa hættu-mikit, to run a great risk, Nj. 149; hafa vitfirring, to be insane, Grág. i. 154; hafa heilindi, to have good health, 26, Hm. 67; hafa burði til e-s, to have the birthright to a thing. Eg. 479; hafa hug, áræði, hyggindi, to have the courage …, Hom. 28; hafa vit ( to know), skyn, greind … á e-u, to have understanding of a thing; hafa gaman, gleði, skemtun, ánægju af e-u, to have interest or pleasure in a thing; hafa leiða, ógeð, andstygð, hatr, óbeit á e-u, to dislike, be disgusted with, hate a thing; hafa elsku, mætr, virðing á e-u, to love, esteeem … a thing; hafa allan hug á e-u, to bend the mind to a thing; hafa grun á e-m, to suspect one; hafa ótta, beyg af e-u, to fear a thing; and in numberless other phrases.

2. with prepp.:

α. hafa e-t frammi (fram), to carry out, hold forth; hafa frammi róg, Nj. 166; hafa mál fram, to proceed with a suit, 101; stefnu-för, 78; heitstrengingar, Fms. xi. 103; ok öll lögmælt skil frammi hafa, and discharge all one’s official duties, 232; var um búit en ekki fram haft, all was made ready, but nothing done, viii. 113; beini má varla verða betri en hér er frammi hafðr, xi. 52; hafðú í frammi ( use) kúgan við þá uppi við fjöllin, Ísl. ii. 215; margir hlutir, þó at hann hafi í frammi, Sks. 276.

β. hafa mikit, lítið fyrir e-u, to have much, little trouble about a thing; (hence fyrir-höfn, trouble.)

γ. hafa við e-m (afl or the like understood), to be a match for one, Fms. vii. 170, Lv. 109, Nj. 89, Eg. 474, Anal. 176; hafa mikit, lítið við, to make a great, little display; (hence við-höfn, display, pomp); hann söng messu ok hafði mikit við, he sang mass and made a great thing of it, Nj. 157; þú hefir mikit við, thou makest a great show of it, Boll. 351; hann bað jarl leita, hann hafði lítið við þat, he did it lightly, Nj. 141; haf ekki slíkt við, do not say so, Ld. 182.

B. To take, carry off, win, wield, [closely akin to Lat. capere]:

I. to catch, take, esp. in the phrase, hafa ekki e-s, to miss one; hann kemsk á skóg undan, ok höfðu þeir hans ekki, he took to the forest and they missed him, Nj. 130; ekki munu vér hans hafa at sinni, we sha’nt catch him at present, Fms. vi. 278; hafða ek þess vætki vífs, Hm. 101; þeygi ek hana at heldr hefik, 95: in swearing, tröll, herr, gramir hafi þik, the trolls, ghosts, etc. take thee! tröll hafi líf, ef …, Kormak; tröll hafi Trefót allan! Grett. (in a verse); tröll hafi þína vini, tröll hafi hól þitt, Nj.; herr hafi Þóri til slægan, confound the wily Thorir! Fms. vi. 278, v. l. (emended, as the phrase is wrongly explained in Fms. xii. Gloss.); gramir hafi þik! vide gramr.

II. to carry, carry off, bring; hafði einn hjartað í munni sér, one carried the heart off in his mouth, Nj. 95; hann hafði þat ( brought it) norðan með sér, Eg. 42; hafði Þórólfr heim marga dýrgripi, 4; hann hafði með sér skatt allan, 62; skaltú biðja hennar ok hafa hana heim hingat, Edda 22; fé þat er hann hafði ( had) út haft ( carried from abroad), Gullþ. 13; á fimm hestum höfðu þeir mat, Nj. 74; bókina er hann hafði ( had) út haft, Fms. vii. 156; konungr hafði biskup norðr til Björgynjar með sér, viii. 296; biskup lét hann hafa með sér kirkju-við ok járn-klukku, Landn. 42; hann hafði með sér skulda-lið sitt ok búferli, Eb. 8; hann tók ofan hofit, ok hafði með sér flesta viðu, id.; ok hafa hana í brott, Fms. i. 3; tekr upp barnit, ok hefir heim með sér, Ísl. ii. 20; hann hafði lög út hingat ór Noregi, he brought laws hither from Norway, Íb. 5; haf þú heim hvali til bæjar, Hým. 26; ok hafa hann til Valhallar, Nj. 119.

III. to take, get; hann hafði þá engan mat né drykk, he took no food nor drink, Eg. 602; hann hafði eigi svefn, he got no sleep, Bs. i. 139.

2. to get, gain, win; öfluðu sér fjár, ok höfðu hlutskipti mikit, Eg. 4; eigi þarftú at biðja viðsmjörs þess, þvíat hann mun þat alls ekki hafa, né þú, for neither he nor thou shall get it, Blas. 28; jarl vill hafa minn fund, he will have a meeting with me, 40, Skv. 1. 4: the sayings, hefir sá jafnan er hættir, he wins that risks, ‘nothing venture, nothing have,’ Hrafn. 16; sá hefir krás er krefr, Sl. 29.

3. phrases, hafa meira hlut, to get the better lot, gain the day, Nj. 90, Fms. xi. 93; hafa gagn, sigr, to gain victory, ix. 132, Eg. 7, Hkr. i. 215, Ver. 38; hafa betr, to get the better; hafa verr, miðr, to have the worst of it, Fms. v. 86, Þorst. S. St. 48, passim; hafa mál sitt, to win one’s suit, Grág. i. 7, Fms. vii. 34; hafa kaup öll, to get all the bargain, Eg. 71; hafa tafl, to win the game, Fms. vii. 219; hafa erendi, to do one’s errand, succeed, Þkv. 10, 11, Fas. ii. 517: hafa bana, to have one’s bane, to die, Nj. 8; hafa úsigr, to be worsted, passim; hafa úfrið, to have no peace; hafa gagn, sóma, heiðr, neisu, óvirðing, skömm, etc. af e-u, to get profit, gain, honour, disgrace, etc. from a thing; hafa e-n í helju, to put one to death, Al. 123; hafa e-n undir, to get one under, subdue him, Nj. 95, 128; höfum eigi, sigrinn ór hendi, let not victory slip out of our hands, Fms. v. 294.

4. to get, receive; hann hafði góðar viðtökur, Nj. 4; hón skal hafa sex-tigi hundraða, 3; skyldi Högni hafa land, 118; selja skipit, ef hann hafði þat fyrir ( if he could get for it) sem hann vildi; Flosi spurði í hverjum aurum hann vildi fyrir hafa, hann kvaðsk vildu fyrir hafa land, 259; hafa tíðindi, sögur af e-m, to have, get tidings of or from one, Ld. 28; hafa sæmd, metorð óvirðing, to get honour, disgrace from one’s hands, Nj. 101; hafa bætr, to get compensation, Grág. i. 188; hafa innstæðuna eina, id.; hafa af e-m, to have the best of one, cheat one.

IV. to carry, wear, of clothes, ornaments, weapons:

1. of clothes, [cp. Lat. habitus and Icel. höfn = gear]; hafa hatt á höfði, Ld. 28; hafa váskufl yztan klæða, … þú skalt hafa undir ( wear beneath) hin góðu klæði þín, Nj. 32; hann hafði blán kyrtil, … hann hafði svartan kyrtil, Boll. 358; hafa fald á höfði, to wear a hood; hón hafði gaddan rautt á höfði, Orkn. 304; hann hafði um sik breitt belti, he wore a broad belt, Nj. 91; hafa fingr-gull á hendi, 146: to have about one’s person, vefja saman ok hafa í pungi sínum, Edda 27; hlutir sem mönnum var títt at hafa, Fms. xi. 128.

2. of weapons, to wield, carry; spjót þat er þú hefir í hendi, Boll. 350; hafa kylfu í hendi sér, to have a club in one’s hand, Fms. xi. 129; hafa staf í hendi, to have a stick in the hand, Bárð.; Gunnarr hafði atgeirinn ok sverðit, Kolskeggr hafði saxit, Hjörtr hafði alvæpni, Nj. 93; hann hafdi öxi snaghyrnda, Boll. 358; hann hafði kesjuna fyrir sér, he held the lance in rest, Eg. 532.

V. here may be added a few special phrases; hafa hendr fyrir sér, to grope, feel with the hands (as in darkness); hafa vit fyrir sér, to act wisely; hafa at sér hendina, to draw one’s hand back, Stj. 198; hafa e-t eptir, to do or repeat a thing after one, Konr.; hafa e-t yfir, to repeat (of a lesson): hafa sik, to betake oneself; hafa sik til annarra landa, Grett. 9 new Ed.; hann vissi varla hvar hann átti at hafa sik, he knew not where ( whither) to betake himself, Bs. i. 807; hefir hann sik aptr á stað til munklífisins, Mar.

C. Passing into the sense of hefja (see at the beginning); hafa e-t uppi, to heave up, raise; hafa flokk uppi, to raise a party, to rebel, Fb. ii. 89: hafa uppi færi, net, a fisherman’s term, to heave up, take up the net or line, Háv. 46; Skarphéðinn hafði uppi ( heaved up) öxina, Nj. 144: hafa uppi tafl, to play at a game, Vápn. 29; þar vóru mjök töfl uppi höfð ok sagna-skemtan, Þorf. Karl. 406, v. l.: hafa e-n uppi, to hold one up, bring him to light; svá máttu oss skjótast uppi hafa, Fær. 42: metaph. to reveal, vándr riddari hafði allt þegar uppi, Str. 10.

2. with the notion to begin; Bárðr hafði uppi orð sín ( began his suit) ok bað Sigríðar, Eg. 26, Eb. 142; hafa upp stefnu, to begin the summons, Boll. 350; hafa upp ræður, to begin a discussion; ræður þær er hann hafði uppi haft við Ingigerði, Fms. iv. 144, where the older text in Ó. H. reads umræður þær er hann hafði upp hafit (from hefja), 59; cp. also Vsp., þat langniðja-tal mun uppi hafat (i. e. hafit) meðan öld lifir, 16, (cp. upp-haf, beginning); þó at ek hafa síðarr um-ræðu um hann, better þó at ek hafa (i. e. hefja) síðarr upp ræðu um hann, though I shall below treat of, discuss that, Skálda (Thorodd) 168; er lengi hefir uppi verit haft síðan (of a song), Nj. 135; cp. also phrases such as, hafa á rás, to begin running, take to one’s heels, Fms. iv. 120, ix. 490; næsta morgin hefir út fjörðinn, the next morning a breeze off land arose, Bs. ii. 48: opp. is the phrase, hafa e-t úti, to have done, finished; hafa úti sitt dags-verk, Fms. xi. 431; hafa úti sekt sína, Grett. 149.

D. Passing into the sense of a lost strong verb, hafa, hóf (see at the beginning), to behave, do, act:

I. with an adverb, hafa vel, ílla, or the like, to behave, and in some instances to do well or badly, be happy or unhappy,

α. to behave; en nú vil ek eigi verr hafa en þú, Fms. iv. 342; þeir sögðu at konungr vildi verr hafa en þeir, 313; hefir þú ílla ór (málum or the like understood) haft við mik, Fs. 140; ólikr er Gísli öðrum í þolinmæði, ok hefir hann betr en vér, Gísl. 28.

β. to do so and so (to be happy, unhappy); verr hafa þeir er trygðum slitu, Mkv. 3; ílla hefir sá er annan svíkr, 18; vel hefir sá er þat líða lætr, 6; vel hefir sá ( he is happy) er eigi bíðr slíkt íllt þessa heims, Fms. v. 145; hvílíkt hefir þú, how dost thou? Mar.; hafa hart, to do badly, to be wretched; at sál Þorgils mætti fyrir þær sakir eigi hart hafa, Sturl. iii. 292, Mar.; Ólafr hafði þá hölzti ílla, O. was very poorly, D. N. ii. 156; þykisk sá bezt hafa ( happiest) er fyrstr kemr heim, Fms. xi. 248; þá hefir hann bazt af hann þegir, i. e. that is the best he can do if he holds his tongue, Hm. 19; þess get ek at sá hafi verr ( he will make a bad bargain) er þik flytr, Nj. 128; úlfgi hefir ok vel, the wolf is in a bad plight, Ls. 39; mun sá betr hafa er eigi tekr við þér, id.; betr hefðir þú, ef …, thou wouldest do better, if …, Akv. 16.

γ. adding sik; hafa sik vel, to behave well, Fms. x. 415, Stj. 436.

II. with the prep. at, to do, act, (hence at-höfn, at-hæfi, act, doing); hann lét ekki til búa vígs-málit ok engan hlut at hafa, Nj. 71; en ef þeim þykkir of lítið féit tekit, þá skulu þeir hafa at hit sama, to act in the same way, Grág. ii. 267; hvatki es þeir hafa at, Fms. xi. 132; hann tók af þér konuna, en þú hafðir ekki at, but thou didst not stir, didst take it tamely, Nj. 33; bæði munu menn þetta kalla stórvirki ok íllvirki, en þó má nú ekki at hafa, but there is no help for it, 202; eigi sýnisk mér meðal-atferðar-leysi, at vér höfum eigi at um kvámur hans, i. e. that we submit tamely to his coming, Fs. 32: absol., viltú þess freista, ok vita þá hvat at hafi, wilt thou try and see how it will do? Bjarn. 27; en nú skaltú fara fyrir, ok vita hvat at hafi, Bs. i. 712.

III. phrases, hafa hátt, to be noisy, talk loud, Fms. i. 66; við skulum ekki hafa hátt ( do not cry loud) hér er maðr á glugganum, a lullaby song; hafa lágt, to keep silent; hafa hægt, to keep quiet; hafa sik á (í) hófi, to compose oneself, Ls. 36; hafa í hótum við e-n, to use threatening ( foul) language, Fb. i. 312; hafa í glett við e-n, to banter one, Fms. viii. 289; hafa íllt at verki, to do a bad deed, Ísl. ii. 184.

E. Passing into the sense of the verb hæfa (see at the beginning), to aim at, hit, with dat.:

I. to hit; svá nær hafði hausinum, at …, the shot so nearly hit the head, that …, Fms. ii. 272; þat sama forað, sem henni hafði næst váða, those very precipices from which she had so narrow an escape, Bs. i. 200, Fms. ix. 357; nær hafði nú, at skjótr mundi verða okkarr skilnaðr, Al. 124; nær hafði okkr nú, it struck near us, it was a narrow escape, Fms. viii. 281; kvaðsk svá dreymt hafa ( have dreamed), at þeim mundi nær hafa, ix. 387, v. l.; ok er nær hafði at skipit mundi fljóta, when the ship was on the point of floating, Ld. 58; ok hafði svá nær (it was within a hair’s breadth), at frændr Þorvalds mundu ganga at honum, Nj. 160; ok hafði svá nær at þeir mundi berjask, Íb. 11, cp. Bs. i. 21: the phrase, fjarri hefir, far from it! Edda (in a verse).

2. to charge; eigi em ek þar fyrir sönnu hafðr, I am not truly aimed at for that, ‘tis a false charge, Eg. 64; þeim manni er fyrir sökum er hafðr, i. e. the culprit, Grág. i. 29; cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á e-u, to make a charge of a thing; það varð ekki á því haft, they could not make a case for a charge of it.

II. metaph. to be the ground or reason for, (hence til-hæfa, reason, fact, foundation); til þess ætla vitrir menn þat haft at Ísland sé Tile (i. e. Thule) kallað, at …, learned men suppose that is the reason that Iceland is called Thule, that …, Landn. (pref.); mikit mun til haft, er einmæli er um (there must be some reason for it, because all people say so), Þorgils segir, eigi er fyrir haft ( there is no ground whatever for it), at ek mæla betr fyrir griðum en aðrir menn, Ísl. ii. 379; vér hyggjum þat til þess haft vera, at þar hafi menn sésk, we believe the substance of the story is that men have been seen there, Fms. xi. 158; hvat er til þess haft um þat (what is the truth of the matter?), hefir sundr-þykki orðit með ykkr? Boll. 364: in the saying, hefir hverr til síns ágætis nokkut, every one gets his reputation for something, Nj. 115.

2. to happen, coincide; hefir svá til, at hann var þar sjálfr, Fms. xi. 138, v. l.

β. the phrase, hafa mikit (lítið) til síns máls, to have much ( little) reason for one’s tale, i. e. to be much, little, in the right, Fms. vii. 221, xi. 138 (v. l.), Nj. 88: um þenna hefir svá stórum, it matters so much with this man, (v. l. for mun stórum skipta), Fms. xi. 311.

F. REFLEX. to keep, dwell, abide, but only of a temporary shelter or abode, cp. Lat. habitare, (cp. also höfn, a haven); hann hefsk á náttartíma niðri í vötnum, at night-time he keeps down in the water, Stj. 77: to live, þeir höfðusk mjök í kaupferðum, they spent much of their life in travelling, Hkr. i. 276; hann hafðisk löngum í bænum, Bs. i. 353.

β. with prep. við; hér mun ek við hafask ( I will stay here) en þú far til konungs, Fb. ii. 125; hafðisk hann við á skógum eðr í öðrum fylgsnum, 302; því at hann hafðisk þá á skipum við, Fms. viii. 44; hvílsk heldr ok hafsk við í því landi, rest and stay in that land, Stj. 162; Ásgeirr hafðisk við uppi í dalnum, Sd. 154; hafask lind fyrir, to cover oneself with a shield (?), Vsp. 50; hafask hlífar fyrir, to be mailed in armour, Hkm. 11.

2. hafask at, to do, behave (cp. D. above); vóru þeir þá svá móðir, at þeir máttu ekki at hafask, Fms. ii. 149; en síðan skulut þér at hafa slíkt sem ek kann fyrir segja, i. 158; þat eitt munu við at hafask, at ek mun betr göra en þú, Nj. 19; Lambi sá hvat Steinarr hafðisk at, Eg. 747.

3. hafask vel, to do well, thrive; vaxa ok vel hafask, to wax and do well, Hm. 142; nú er þat bæn mín, at þér hafisk við vel, that you bear yourself well up, Fms. ix. 497; Jungfrúin hafðisk vel við í ferðinni, x. 86; at fé hans mundi eigi hafask at betr at meðal-vetri, Grág. ii. 326.

4. recipr., hafask orð við, to speak to one another; ok er þat ósiðlegt, at menn hafisk eigi orð við, Fs. 14; þar til er þeir hafask réttar tölur við, N. G. L. i. 182.

II. part. hafandi is used in the sense of having conceived, being with child; þá verit hann varr við at hón var hafandi, 656 B. 14; hón skyldi verða hafandi at Guðs syni, id.; generally, allt þat er hafanda var lét burð sinn ok ærðisk, Fms. vii. 187; svá sem hón verðr at honum hafandi, Stj. 178; (hence barns-hafandi, being with child.)

G. The word hafa is in the Icel., as in other Teut. languages, used as an auxiliary verb with a part. pass. of another verb, whereby a compound preterite and pluperfect are formed as follows:

I. in transitive verbs with acc. the participle also was put in acc., agreeing in gender, number, and case with the objective noun or pronoun; this seems to have been a fixed rule in the earliest time, and is used so in all old poems down at least to the middle of the 11th century, to the time of Sighvat (circ. A. D. 990–1040), who constantly used the old form,—átt is an apostrophe for átta in the verse Ó. H. 81:

1. references from poets, Gm. 5, 12, 16; þá er forðum mik fædda höfðu, Vsp. 2; hverr hefði lopt lævi blandit eðr ætt jötuns Óðs mey gefna, 29; þær’s í árdaga áttar höfðu, 60: ek hafða fengna konungs reiði, Ad. 3; en Grjótbjörn um gnegðan hefir, 18; mik hefir marr miklu ræntan, Stor. 10; þó hefir Míms-vinr mér um fengnar bölva bætr, 22: gaupur er Haraldr hafi sveltar, Hornklofi: Loka mær hefir leikinn allvald, Ýt. 7; sá hafði borinn brúna-hörg, 14; jarlar höfðu veginn hann, 15: ek hef orðinn ( found) þann guðföðr (verða is here used as trans.), Hallfred; höfum kera framðan, id.: hann hefir litnar, sénar, hár bárur, Ísl. ii. 223, thus twice in a verse of A. D. 1002; göngu hefik of gengna, Korm. (in a verse); hann hafði farna för, Hkr. i. (Glum Geirason); ek hefi talðar níu orustur, Sighvat; þú hefir vanðan þik, id.; ér hafit rekna þá braut, Ó. H. 63 (Óttar Svarti); hann hefir búnar okkr hendr skrautliga, Sighvat (Ó. H. 13); þeir hafa færð sín höfuð Knúti, id.; hvar hafit ér hugðan mér sess, id.; hafa sér kenndan enn nørðra heims enda, id.; Sighvatr hefir lattan gram, id.; hefir þú hamar um fólginn, Þkv. 7, 8; þú hefir hvatta okkr, Gkv. 6; ek hefi yðr brennda, Am. 39, cp. 56; hefi ek þik minntan, 81; hefir þú hjörtu tuggin, Akv. 36; hefir þú mik dvalðan, Hbl. 51; ek hefi hafðar þrár, I have had throes, Fsm. 51; en ek hann görvan hef-k, svá hefi ek studdan, 12 (verse 13 is corrupt); hann hefir dvalða þik, Hkv. Hjörv. 29; lostna, 30; mik hefir sóttan meiri glæpr, 32; ek hefi brúði kerna, id.; þú hefir etnar úlfa krásir, opt sár sogin, Hkv. 1. 36; sá er opt hefir örnu sadda, 35; hefir þú kannaða koni óneisa, 23; þá er mik svikna höfðut, Skv. 3. 55; hann hafði getna sonu, Bkv. 8; þann sal hafa halir um görvan, Fm. 42; bróður minn hefir þú benjaðan, 25; er hann ráðinn hefir, 37; sjaldan hefir þú gefnar vargi bráðir, Eg. (in a verse).

2. references from prose; this old form has since been turned into an indecl. neut. sing. part. -it. The old form was first lost in the strong verbs and the weak verbs of the first conjugation: in the earliest prose both forms are used, although the indecl. is more freq. even in the prose writers, as Íb., the Heiðarv. S., the Miracle-book in Bs., Njála, Ó. H., (Thorodd seems only to use the old form,) as may be seen from the following references, Björn hafði særða þrjá menn, Nj. 262; hann mundi hana hafa gipta honum, 47; hann hafði þá leidda saman hestana, 264: ek hefi sendan mann, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 333; ek nefi senda menn, id.: hafa son sinn ór helju heimtan, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 337; en er þeir höfðu niðr settan sveininn, 349; hann hafði veidda fimm tegu fiska, 350: er þér hefir ílla neisu gorva, Ó. H. 107: þá hefi ek fyrri setta þá í stafrófi, Skálda (Thorodd) 161; þar hefi ek við görva þessa stafi fjóra, id.; hafa hann samsettan, 167: góða fylgd hefir þú mér veitta, Þorst Síðu H. 2: sagði, at Ólafr konungr hafði sendan hann, Bs. i. 11: Þyri, er hertogi hafði festa nauðga, Fms. x. 393 (Ágrip): hefi ek þá svá signaða ok magnaða, v. 236: hefir sólin gengna tvá hluti, en einn úgenginn, K. Þ. K. 92 (Lund’s Syntax, p. 12).

β. again, neut. indecl., hana hafði átt fyrr Þoróddr, Ísl. ii. 192: hón hafði heimt húskarl sinn …, Ísl. (Heiðarv. S.) ii. 339; hann hefir ekki svá vel gyrt hest minn, 340; hefir þú eigi séð mik, 341; hve hann hafði lokkat hann. id.; gistingar hefi ek yðr fengit, 343: þeir höfðu haft úfrið ok orrostur, Íb. 12; hann hafði tekið lögsögu, 14: stafr er átt hafði Þorlákr, Bs. (Miracle-book) i. 340; er þær höfðu upp tekit ketilinn ok hafit …, 342; göngu es hann hafði gingit, 344; es sleggjuna hafði niðr fellt, 346; sem maðr hefði nýsett (hana) niðr, id.; jartein þá er hann þóttisk fingit hafa, 347; hafði prestrinn fært fram sveininn, 349: hjálm er Hreiðmarr hafði átt, Edda 73: hafa efnt sína heitstrenging, Fms. (Jómsv. S.) xi. 141: slíkan dóm sem hann hafði mér hugat, Ó. H. 176, etc. passim:—at last the inflexion disappeared altogether, and so at the present time the indecl. neut. sing. is used throughout; yet it remains in peculiar instances, e. g. konu hefi eg mér festa, Luke xiv. 20, cp. Vídal. ii. 21. ☞ This use of the inflexive part. pass. may often serve as a test of the age of a poem, e. g. that Sólarljóð was composed at a later date may thus be seen from verses 27, 64, 72, 73, 75, 79; but this test is to be applied with caution, as the MSS. have in some cases changed the true forms (-inn, -ann, and -it, -an being freq. abbreviated in the MSS. so as to render the reading dubious). In many cases the old form is no doubt to be restored, e. g. in vegit to veginn, Fm. 4, 23; búit to búinn, Hkv. Hjörv. 15; borit to borinn, Hkv. 1. 1; beðit to beðinn, Fsm. 48; orðit to orðin, Og. 23; roðit to roðinn, Em. 5; brotið to brotinn, Vkv. 24, etc.: but are we to infer from Ls. 23, 26, 33, that this poem is of a comparatively late age?

II. the indecl. neut. sing. is, both in the earliest poems and down to the present day, used in the following cases:

1. with trans. verbs requiring the dat. or gen.; ek hefi fengit e-s, hann hafði fengit konu; hafa hefnt e-s, Fms. xi. 25; sú er hafði beðit fjár, Þkv. 32; stillir hefir stefnt mér, Hkv. Hjörv. 33, and so in endless cases.

2. in the reflex. part. pass.; þeir (hann) hafa (hefir) látisk, farisk, sagsk, etc.

3. in part. of intrans. neut. verbs, e. g. þeir þær (hann, hón), hafa (hefir) setið, staðit, gengit, legit, farit, komit, verit, orðit, lifað, dáit, heitið …, also almost in every line both of prose and poetry.

4. in trans. verbs with a neut. sing. in objective case the difference cannot be seen.

☞ The compound preterite is common to both the Romance and Teutonic languages, and seems to be older in the former than in the latter; Grimm suggests that it originated with the French, and thence spread to the Teutons. That it was not natural to the latter is shewn by the facts, that

α. no traces of it are found in Gothic, nor in the earliest Old High German glossaries to Latin words.

β. in the earliest Scandinavian poetry we can trace its passage from declinable to indeclinable.

γ. remains are left in poetry of a primitive uncompounded preterite infinitive, e. g. stóðu = hafa staðit, mundu, skyldu, vildu, etc., see Gramm. p. xxv, col. 2. ☞ We may here note a curious dropping of the verb hefir, at ek em kominn hingat til lands, ok verit áðr ( having been) langa hríð utan-lands, Ó. H. 31, cp. Am. 52; barn at aldri, en vegit slíka hetju sem Þorvaldr var, Glúm. 382. On this interesting matter see Grimm’s remarks in his Gramm. iv. 146 sqq.

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